Chpt. 9 study guide

Question 1

Three domains that are studies in lifespan development

Answer 1

1. physical development
2. cognitive development
3. psychosocial development

Question 2

cognitive development vs. psychosocial development

Answer 2

a. cognitive development is learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity

b. psychosocial development is emotions personality, and social relationships

Question 3

psychosexual theory

Answer 3

• developed by freud
• believes we are shaped most in childhood
• believes we are driven by sexual urges
• 5 stages of development

Question 4

5 stages of psychosexual development

Answer 4

1. oral- 0-1, mouth
2. anal- 1-3, bowel and bladder control
3. phallic- 3-6, genitals
4. latency- 6 to puberty
5. genital- puberty to death

Question 5

Erogenous

Answer 5

producing sexual excitement or libidinal gratification when stimulated

Question 6

Psychosocial theory

Answer 6

• developed by eric erickson
• believes there’s a social nature to development
• psychosocial task that’s mastered in each of the 8 stages

Question 7

8 stages of the psychosocial theory

Answer 7

1. trust vs. mistrust: 0-1
2. autonomy vs. doubt: 1-3
3. initiative vs. guilt: 3-6
4. industry vs. inferiority: 7-11
   5.identity vs. confusion: 12-18
   6.intimacy vs confusion:19-29
5. generativity vs. stagnation: 30-64
6. integrity vs. despair : 65+

Question 8

Secure base

Answer 8

parental presence that gives the child a sense of safety as he explores his surroundings

Question 9

secure, avoidant, resistant, and disorganized

Answer 9

• secure: child uses the parent as a secure base
• avoidant: unresponsive to the parent
• resistant: show clingy behavior but rejects mother
• disorganized: shows odd behavior around caregiver

Question 10

Authoritative style

Answer 10

parents give children reasonable demands, express affection.

Question 11

authoritarian style

Answer 11

parents place value on conformity and obedience, dont express affection

Question 12

permissive style

Answer 12

parents make few demands and rarely use punishment

Question 13

uninvolved style

Answer 13

parents are uninvolved, referred to as neglectful

Question 14

socioemotional selectivity theory

Answer 14

as we get older our social support and friendships dwindle in number

Question 15

cognitive theory

Answer 15

-developed by piaget
- focuses on cognitive growth in childrem
- cognitive ability develops in stages
- children develop schemata to help the understand the world

Question 16

stages of cognitive theory

Answer 16

• sensorimotor: world experienced through sense and actions; object permanence
• preoperational: use words and images to represent things, but lack logical reasoning; pretend play and egocentrism
• concrete operational: understand concrete events and analogies logically, conversation and math
• formal operational: formal operations, utilize abstract reasoning; abstract logic and morals

Question 17

schemata

Answer 17

concepts used to categorize and interpret information
-assimilation is incorporating info
-accomodation is changes made based on new info

Question 18

teratogen

Answer 18

any environmental agent that causes damage to the developing embryo or fetus

Question 19

rooting reflex, moro reflex, and babinski reflex

Answer 19

• rooting reflex: baby turns its head towards something that touches its cheek
• moro reflex- baby spreads arms and pulls them back when startled
• babinski reflex- the sole of the foot is pressed and the toes fan out

Question 20

blooming period

Answer 20

neural pathways form thousands of connections during infancy and toddlerhood

Question 21

pruning period

Answer 21

neural connections are reduced during childhood and adolescence to allow the brain to function more efficiently

Question 22

adrenarch, gonadarche, menarche, and spermarche

Answer 22

• adrenarche: maturing of the adrenal glands
• gonadarche: maturing of the sex glands
• menarche: beginning of menstrual periods
• spermarche: first ejaculation

Question 23

5 stages of grief

Answer 23

1. denial
2. anger
3. bargaining
4. depression
5. acceptance