Week 23 #2 Flashcards
Subtle biases
- unexamined and sometimes unconscious
- automatic, ambiguous, and ambivalent, but real in their consequences
Stereotype Content Model
shows that social groups are viewed according to their perceived warmth and competence
Social dominance orientation
a belief that group hierarchies are inevitable in all societies and even good for maintaining order and stability
Self-categorization theory
when people categorize themselves, along with each other into groups, favouring their own group.
Right-wing authoritarianism (RWA)
focuses on value conflicts but endorses respect for obedience and authority in the service of group conformity
Implicit Association Test
measures automatic biases that favour own groups relative to other groups
Sociometer model
theorizes self-esteem functions to psychologically monitor one’s degree of inclusion and exclusion in social groups
Blatant biases
conscious beliefs, feelings, and behaviours that people are perfectly willing to admit
Social loafing
The reduction of individual effort when people work in groups compared with when they work alone
Social identity theory
groups influence their members’ self-concepts and self-esteem, particularly when individuals categorize themselves as group members and identify with the group
Groupthink
A set of negative group-level processes that influence groups to make bad decisions
Prejudice
an evaluation or emotion toward people merely based on their group membership
Group polarization
The tendency for members of a deliberating group to move to a more extreme position, with the direction of the shift determined by the majority or average of the members’ preferences
Social facilitation
Improvement in task performance that occurs when people work in the presence of other people
Ostracism
the deliberate exclusion from groups
