1.1 Political and Governmental Change - Nazi Dictatorship Flashcards

Revision

1
Q

When was the Reichstag fire?

A

27 Feb 1933

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2
Q

Who did the Nazis say was responsible for the Reichstag fire?

A

Van de Lubbe - young dutch communist

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3
Q

What did the Reichstag Fire mean the Nazis could do?

A

stir anti-communist propaganda
Hidenburg declared a state of emergency - govern by decree

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4
Q

What law did Hitler pass in the state of emergency after the Reichstag fire?

A

Decree for the Protection of the People and the State

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5
Q

What was the outcome of the 5 March 1933 election?

A

Nazis - 288 seats
DNVP - 52 - coalition to have Nazis in power
communists - 81 - banned from taking these

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6
Q

When was the Decree for the Protection of the People and the State?

A

28 February 1933

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7
Q

What did the Decree for the Protection of the People and the State do?

A

legal to arrest political opponents
take people into ‘protective custody’ without a trial
censor the media eg. ban opposition newspapers

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8
Q

When was the Enabling Act passed?

A

24 March 1933

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9
Q

What was the outcome of the vote for the Enabling Act?

A

444 for
84 against (SPD)

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10
Q

When was the Enabling Act renewed?

A

1937

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11
Q

What did the Enabling Act do?

A

Hitler could pass laws without the Reichstag

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12
Q

When was the SPD banned?

A

22 June 1933

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13
Q

When were all other partied banned, to make Germany a one-party state?

A

14 July 1933

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14
Q

When did Hindenburg die?

A

2 August 1934

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15
Q

What new role did Hitler create for himself?

A

combined President and Chancellor to Fuhrer

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16
Q

How did Hitler legally become Fuhrer?

A

confirmed by plebiscite 19 August 1934

17
Q

When was the Night of the Long Knives?

A

30 June 1934

18
Q

Why did the Night of the Long Knives happen?

A

SA was seen as brutal and unpopular
Rohm was becoming increasingly critical of Hitler

19
Q

What happened in the Night of the Long Knives?

A

Rohm and senior SA officers shot
several hundred people murdered by SS over next few days eg. Von Schleicher
SA continued operating but very reduced

20
Q

What was the hierarchy in place across the dictatorship?

A

Fuhrerprinzip

21
Q

How many laws did the Reichstag pass 1934 - 45?

A

7

22
Q

What did the Law for Civil Service do?

A

Nazi opponents could be removed from the Civil Service

23
Q

When was the Law for Civil Service?

A

7 April 1933

24
Q

What is an example of an old ministry that remained?

A

foreign ministry

25
Q

What is an example of a new ministry set up by Hitler?

A

Bureau Rippentrop - overlapped with foreign ministry and favoured
Reich Propaganda Ministry - headed by Goebbels

26
Q

What did Hitler do to try and stop opposition in his government?

A

abolished cabinet meetings

27
Q

When was the Law for the Reconstruction of the Reich?

A

30 January 1934

28
Q

What did the Law for the Reconstruction of the Reich do?

A

transferred Landers power to the federal government - centralised state and unified administration

29
Q

What were all government employees forced to do in WW2?

A

join the Nazi party

30
Q

How was the country divided in WW2?

A

13 military districts,
own RVK organised home front activities eg. rationing, Volkssturm (Homeguard)

31
Q

What had to be set up as the German army took Lebensraum?

A

11 Reichsgau (Regional governments)

32
Q

What did the Reichsgau do?

A

allocate land to incoming Germans
ran area as part of Germany

33
Q

How were the Poles viewed?

A

untrustworthy - used for hard labour only, leaders shot to prevent organised resistance forming

34
Q

What happened to Southern Poland?

A

‘colony’ - dumping ground for undesireables

35
Q

What happened to the rest of Poland?

A

absorbed into Third Reich and Germanised
500,000 Germans moved to Warthegau,
500,000 Polish deported East

36
Q

How did the Gauleiters become increasingly powerful?

A

1942 - British bombing - coordinated civil defence
Aug 1944 - Decree for the Implementation of Total War mobilisation - gave control over local bureaucracy

37
Q

When did Hitler commit suicide?

A

30 April 1945

38
Q

When did Goebbels commit suicide?

A

1 May 1945

39
Q

When was Germany’s final surrender?

A

7 May 1945