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Comparative > Ruminant Respiratory Organs of Head & Neck (29) > Flashcards

Ruminant Respiratory Organs of Head & Neck (29) Flashcards

Dr. Concha

1
Q

What is the difference in nostrils between small and large ruminants?

A

large: comma shape, rigid and less movable

small: slit-like shape

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2
Q

Where do rings on a ruminant go through?

A

the most rostral portion of the nasal septum

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3
Q

What is this?

A

where rings go through the nasal septum (most rostral part)

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4
Q

What is this?

A

bull nose plier - bull nose lead - bull holder

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5
Q

Ruminants have a more prominent [dorsal/middle/ventral/ethmoid] conchae

A

middle

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6
Q

Label 1-5

A
  1. conchae
  2. ventral conchae
  3. dorsal conchae
  4. middle conchae
  5. ethmoid: ethmoturbinates
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7
Q

Label 1-3

A
  1. dorsal concha
  2. ventral concha
  3. nasal septum
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8
Q

Where does the nasal septum extend?

A

caudally into the nasopharynx

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9
Q

What is the pharyngeal septum? What does it contain?

A

septum of mucosa that incompletely divide the dorsal area of the nasopharynx

contains the pharyngeal and tubal tonsils

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10
Q

What is an extension of the nasal septum?

A

pharyngeal septum

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11
Q

What is choana?

A

communicate with nasal cavity and nasopharynx

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12
Q

Label 1-4

A
  1. pharyngeal septum
  2. nasal septum
  3. nasopharynx
  4. choana
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13
Q

The soft palate is shorter in [equine/bovine]

A

bovine

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14
Q

Label 1-2

A
  1. nasopharynx
  2. soft palate
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15
Q

T/F: Ruminants have a guttural pouch like equine

A

FALSE

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16
Q

Label 1-2

A
  1. pharyngeal opening to auditory tube
  2. nasopharynx
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17
Q

Why do you need the same pressure with the middle ear cavity and atmospheric pressure?

A

keep tympanic membrane fixed and vibrating

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18
Q

Label 1-3

A
  1. pharyngeal septum removed
  2. pharyngeal opening of auditory tube
  3. soft palate
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19
Q

What regarding the larynx do ruminants not have?

A

no vestibular fold
no laryngeal ventricle

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20
Q

Label 1-7

A
  1. arytenoid cartilage - corniculate process
  2. epiglottis
  3. vestibular fold
  4. NO laryngeal ventricle
  5. vocal fold
  6. arytenoid cartilage - vocal process
  7. cricoid cartilage
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21
Q

What is dorsal to the soft palate?

A

epiglottis

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22
Q

Label 1-7

A
  1. arytenoid cartilage - corniculate process
  2. epiglottis
  3. arytenoid cartilage - vocal process
  4. NO vestibule fold
  5. NO laryngeal ventricle
  6. vocal fold
  7. cricoid cartilage
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23
Q

Label 1-3, L & R

A

L: horse
1. corniculate process - arytenoid cartilage
2. vocal fold
3. epiglottis with more rounded edge
R: cow

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24
Q

Label 1-2

A
  1. common carotid a.
  2. external carotid a.
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25
Q

What does the common carotid a. branch off into?

A

external carotid a.
linguofacial trunk

26
Q

What does the external carotid a. branch off into?

A

caudal auricular a.
superficial temporal a.
maxillary a.
external ophthalmic a.

27
Q

Label 1-5

A
  1. superficial temporal a.
  2. caudal auricular a.
  3. common carotid a.
  4. external carotid a.
  5. linguofacial trunk
28
Q

What branches off the superficial temporal a.?

A

transverse facial a.
cornual a.

29
Q

Label 1-4

A
  1. cornual a.
  2. superficial temporal a.
  3. transverse facial a.
  4. external jugular a.
30
Q

What is this vessel? What nerve is it closely associated with?

A

cornual vessels

cornual n.

remember temporal line!

31
Q

Label 1-2

A
  1. cornual a.
  2. superficial temporal a.
32
Q

Label 1-3

A
  1. cornual a.
  2. superficial temporal a.
  3. parotid salivary gland
33
Q

Label 1-2

A
  1. rete mirable epidural
  2. maxillary a.
34
Q

What is the rete miracle epidural? (epidural miraculous network)

A

well-developed structure consisting of dozens of anastomosing arterioles embedded in the cavernous sinus, formed by the maxillary and external ophthalmic artery branches, which are extensions of the external carotid a.

35
Q

What is this?

A

rete mirable epidural

36
Q

What are branches of the maxillary a.?

A

malar a.
angularis oculi a.
dorsal nasal a.
lateral nasal a.
infraorbital a.
mental a.
inferior alveolar a.

37
Q

Label 1-8

A
  1. maxillary a.
  2. malar a.
  3. angularis oculi a.
  4. dorsal nasal a.
  5. lateral nasal a.
  6. infraorbital a.
  7. mental a.
  8. inferior alveolar a.
38
Q

What is the significance of the malar a. in ruminants?

A

ventral on the floor of the orbit - very big

39
Q

What branches off the linguofacial trunk?

A

lingual a.
superior labial a.
inferior labial a.
facial a.

40
Q

Label 1-7

A
  1. linguofacial trunk
  2. lingual a.
  3. superior labial a.
  4. inferior labial a.
  5. facial a.
  6. external carotid a.
  7. common carotid a.
41
Q

Label 1-3

A
  1. lingual a.
  2. facial a.
  3. linguofacial trunk
42
Q

Label 1-7

A
  1. middle auricular v.
  2. lateral auricular v.
  3. caudal auricular v.
  4. maxillary v.
  5. external jugular v.
  6. linguofacial v.
  7. facial v.
43
Q

What vein drains the convex caudal surface of the ruminant ear?

A

caudal auricular vein

44
Q

The facial [artery/vein] is larger in cattle

A

facial vein - still is a satellite

45
Q

What is this?

A

auricular vein - convex caudal portion (caudal auricular vein)

46
Q

What is different on small ruminants regarding facial vasculature?

A

they have a large facial vein, but NOT a facial artery

the facial artery is replaced by the transverse facial a. - division of superficial temporal a.

47
Q

Label 1-6

A
  1. transverse facial a.
  2. facial vein
  3. NOT facial artery
  4. facial vein
  5. no facial a. - replaced by transverse facial a.
  6. superficial temporal a.
48
Q

Label 1-2

A
  1. transverse facial a.
  2. (large) facial v.
49
Q

What are the parts of the brachiocephalicus in the ruminant?

A

cleidocephalicus (occipital part)
cleidocephalicus (mastoid part)
cleidobrachialis

50
Q

What are the parts of the sternocephalicus?

A

sternomandibularis
sternomastoideus

51
Q

Label 1-8

A
  1. brachiocephalicus
  2. cleidocephalicus (occipital part)
  3. cleidocephalicus (mastoid part)
  4. cleidobrachialis
  5. omotransversarius
  6. sternocephalicus
  7. sternomandibularis
  8. sternomastoideus
52
Q

Where does the sternomandibularis m. attach in goats? It is sometimes referred to as _______

A

the zygomatic arch instead of mandible

sternozygomaticus m.

53
Q

The jugular groove in ruminants houses the _____

A

external jugular v.

54
Q

Label 1-3

A
  1. external jugular v. in jugular groove
  2. sternocephalicus m. (sternomandibularis)
  3. brachiocephalicus m. - cleidocephalicus (mastoid part)
55
Q

Label 1-5

A
  1. caudal auricular v.
  2. maxillary v.
  3. external jugular v.
  4. linguofacial v.
  5. facial v.
56
Q

What are the facial lymph nodes in ruminants?

A
57
Q

Label 1-2

A
  1. mandibular salivary gland
  2. mandibular lymph node
58
Q

What is in the most dorsal portion of the nasopharynx?

A

medial retropharyngeal lymph node

59
Q

What is this?

A

medial retropharyngeal lymph node

60
Q

How do you palpate the lateral retropharyngeal lymph nodes in the ruminant?

A

go between the wings of the atlas and the mandible

Comparative (37 decks)

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