6.1 Internal & External Stimuli Flashcards
What are plant growth factors?
Chemicals that regulate plant growth response to directional stimuli
Where are plant growth factors produced?
Planting growing regions
How do plant growth factors move around plant?
Diffuse from cell to cell
Mass transport in phloem
Why do shoots show positive phototropism?
IAA diffuses to shaded side of shoot tip
Causes active transport of H+ ions into cell wall
Disruption of H bonds between cellulose molecules make cell more permeable to water
Cells on shaded side elongate faster due to higher turgor pressure
Shoot bends towards light
Why do roots show positive gravitropism?
Gravity causes IAA to accumulate on lower side of root
IAA inhibits elongation of root cells
cells on upper side of root elongate faster
Root tip bends downwards
What’s the acronym for contrasting mammalian hormones and plant growth factors?
CASTS
Concentration
Action
Synthesis
Transport
Speed
Compare concentration of mammalian hormones and plant growth factors.
MH response not always dependent on concentration
PGF response proportional to concentration
Compare action of mammalian hormones and plant growth factors.
MH bind to complementary proteins in/on target cells
PGF can affect all cells
Compare synthesis of mammalian hormones and plant growth factors.
MH specialised glands
PGF various tissues in growing regions
Compare transport of mammalian hormones and plant growth factors.
MH circulatory system
PGF diffusion or phloem translocation
Compare speed of mammalian hormones and plant growth factors.
MH faster acting (homeostasis)
PGF slower acting (plant growth)
Define taxis.
Directional movement in response to external stimulus
Define kinesis.
Non directional response to presence and intensity of external stimulus
What is the importance of taxis and kinesis?
Maintain mobile organism in optimum environment
Why do many organisms respond to temperature and humidity with kinesis rather than taxis?
Less directional stimuli
Often no clear gradient from one extreme to other
How could a student recognise kinesis in an organisms movement?
Organism crosses division between two environments and turning increases to return to favourable
Organism moves distance into unfavourable and turning slowly decreases to lead to new environment
Outline events in a simple reflex arc.
Receptor detects stimulus
Sensory neuron
Relay neuron in CNS coordinated response
Motor neuron
Response by effector
What is the importance of a simple reflex?
Rapid response to potentially dangerous stimuli since only 3 neurons involved
What stats test could be used to determine whether factor has significant effect on organism movement in choice chamber or not?
Chi squared
What features do all sensory receptors have?
Establish a generator potential
Respond to specific stimuli
What is a Pacinian corpuscle?
A type of receptor found in the skin that responds to changes in pressure.