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Psychology > 1.7 Sensation and Perception > Flashcards

1.7 Sensation and Perception Flashcards

1
Q

Sensation

A

detection of stimuli through 1 of 5 senses

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2
Q

Perception

A

Organize and interpret sensory info. Begins when message reaches the brain

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3
Q

absolute threshold

A

smallest amount of stimulus that can be detected

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4
Q

just noticeable difference (JND)

A

smallest amount of change that can be detected

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5
Q

subliminal perception

A

ability to detect information below a conscious level of awareness

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6
Q

sensory adaptation

A

we adapt to constant stimulus so we don’t feel it anymore

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7
Q

Sclera

A

white part of eye. Doesn’t help to see.

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8
Q

Cornea

A

clear membrane on outer part of eye. Focuses light by bending. 2/3 of focusing in eye.

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9
Q

Aqueous Humor

A

provides nutrients to common cells

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10
Q

Iris

A

colored muscle

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11
Q

Pupil

A

hole in the iris

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12
Q

Lens

A

transparent sphere behind iris. Does 1/3 of focusing.

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13
Q

Ciliary muscles

A

allows lens to change shape

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14
Q

Retina

A

layer of photoreceptors that transforms light into sensory information.

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15
Q

Rods

A

Black/white retina, night vision

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16
Q

Cones

A

color retina

17
Q

Fovea

A

part of retina with clearest vision

18
Q

Optic nerve

A

bundle of neurons that carries sensory neurons away from the eye.

19
Q

Optic Disk

A

place where optic nerve connects to the back of the eye. Causes blind spot

20
Q

Blind spot

A

part where light bits the optic disk, can’t see there. Brain autofills it in.

21
Q

Myopia

A

eye too long, nearsighted

22
Q

Hyperopia

A

eye too tall, farsighted

23
Q

astigmatism

A

occurs when cornea is irregularly shaped, multiple focus points cause blurry vision

24
Q

decreased light transmission

A

caused by injury, scar tissue, infections, allergic reactions

25
Q

cataracts

A

lens clouds with age, cataracts surgery replaces it with an artificial one.

26
Q

Diabetic Retinopathy

A

excess glucose damages blood vessels in retina

27
Q

Macular degeneration

A

center of vision damaged people look at you in periphery

28
Q

Glaucoma

A

slowing of drainage of aqueous humor. Pressure increases, cells on optic nerve start dying, starts to lose peripheral vision

29
Q

Color Blindness

A

cones work in pairs, most common pair to fail is RG

30
Q

effects on lens in old age

A

turns yellow from cataracts, grows thicker

31
Q

effects on ciliary muscles in old age

A

grow stiffer, presbyopia, distance accommodation gets slower

32
Q

presbyopia

A

can’t focus on close things

33
Q

Distance accommodation

A

ability to shift between near and far things

34
Q

vitreous humor

A

indissoluble proteins in the eye

Psychology (16 decks)

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