17.2 Mapping Genomes

Question 1

Genomics

Answer 1

study of entire genomes including the complete set of genes, their nucleotide sequence and organization,
and their interactions within a species and with other species

Question 2

Genome mapping

Answer 2

process of finding the location of genes
on each chromosome

Question 3

genetic map

Answer 3

outline of genes and their location on a
chromosome

Question 4

genetic marker

Answer 4

gene or sequence on a chromosome with a known location that is associated with a specific trait

Question 5

physical map

Answer 5

representation of the physical distance
between genes or genetic markers

Question 6

linkage analysis

Answer 6

procedure that analyzes recombining
genes to determine if they are linked

Question 7

genetic recombination

Answer 7

DNA exchange between
homologous chromosome pairs

Question 8

restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP)

Answer 8

variation between individuals in the length of DNA fragments, which restriction endonucleases generate

Question 9

microsatellite polymorphism

Answer 9

variation between individuals in the sequence and number of microsatellite
DNA repeats

Question 10

single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)

Answer 10

variation between
individuals in a single nucleotide

Question 11

Cytogenetic mapping

Answer 11

technique that uses a microscope to
create a map from stained chromosomes

Question 12

Radiation hybrid mapping

Answer 12

information obtained by
fragmenting the chromosome with x-rays

Question 13

Sequence mapping

Answer 13

mapping information obtained after
DNA sequencing

Question 14

genomic librarie

Answer 14

collection of cloned DNA which represents
all of the sequences and fragments from a genome

Question 15

complementary DNA (cDNA) libraries

Answer 15

collection of cloned cDNA sequences

Question 16

expressed sequence tag (EST)

Answer 16

short STS that is identified
with cDNA