3.4 Proteins

Question 1

proteins

Answer 1

biological macromolecule comprised of one or
more amino acid chains

Question 2

Enzymes

Answer 2

catalysts in biochemical reactions

Question 3

Amino acids

Answer 3

monomers that comprise proteins.

-has a central carbon or
alpha carbon to which an amino group

Question 4

peptide bond

Answer 4

bond formed between two amino acids by a
dehydration reaction

Question 5

primary structure

Answer 5

Amino acids’ unique sequence in a polypeptide chain

Question 6

secondary structure

Answer 6

regular structure that proteins form
by intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the oxygen
atom of one amino acid residue and the hydrogen
attached to the nitrogen atom of another amino acid
residue

Question 7

α-helix

Answer 7

type of secondary protein
structure formed by folding the polypeptide into a helix
shape with hydrogen bonds stabilising the structure
(alpha-helix structure)

Question 8

β-pleated sheet

Answer 8

secondary structure in
proteins in which hydrogen bonding forms “pleats”
between atoms on the polypeptide chain’s backbone
(beta-pleated sheet)

Question 9

tertiary structure

Answer 9

polypeptide’s unique three-dimensional structure

Question 10

quaternary structure

Answer 10

association of discrete polypeptide
subunits in a protein

Question 11

chaperones

Answer 11

(also, chaperonin) protein that helps nascent
protein in the folding process