1st trimester abn

Question 1

whats is pseudocyesis

Answer 1

belief that you are expecting a baby when you are not really carrying a child

Question 2

what is couvade

Answer 2

men experience sympathetic pregnancy

Question 3

what is Pseudogestational sac

Answer 3

intrauterine anechoic sac-like structure that may be mistaken for an early viable pregnancy

Question 4

Pseudogestational sac appearance in comparison to true gestational sac

Answer 4

PseudoGS has central location, oval shape and lack of a thick chorion ring

Question 5

Pseudogestational sac may also have free fluid where

Answer 5

PCDS

Question 6

pseudo sac can also be called

Answer 6

decidual cast cyst

Question 7

what makes up the double bleb sign

Answer 7

Yolk sac and amniotic sac

Question 8

is double bleb sign good or bad?

Answer 8

good, important feature of intrauterine pregnancy

Question 9

what is anembryonic pregnancy

Answer 9

is a gestational sac which develops without an embryo

NO FETAL POLE

Question 10

anembryonic pregnancy aka

Answer 10

blighted ovum

Question 11

fetal pole should be seen by MSD =

Answer 11

25mm

Question 12

first sonographic sign of intrauterine pregnancy

Answer 12

gestational sac

Question 13

abnormal gestational sac indicates

Answer 13

problem with pregnancy

Question 14

max diameter of yolk sac is ____mm at 10 weeks

Answer 14

6mm

Question 15

abnormally large yolk sac may indicate

Answer 15

poor obstetric outcome

Question 16

Shape of normal yolk sac

Answer 16

circle

Question 17

calcified yolk sac without blood represents

Answer 17

long standing embryonic demise

Question 18

what is gestational trophoblastic disease

Answer 18

slow-growing tumour that develops from trophoblastic cells (cells that help an embryo attach to the uterus and help form the placenta)

Question 19

most common type of gestational trophoblastic tumour

Answer 19

hydatidiform mole

Question 20

Hydatidiform mole aka

Answer 20

molar pregnancy

Question 21

sign of trophoblastic disease in blood flow to fetus

Answer 21

high velocity, low impedance waveforms in the 1st and early 2nd trimesters due to high degree of arterial invasion by abnormally proliferating trophoblast.

Question 22

colour sign of trophoblastic disease

Answer 22

chaotic vasculature with colour aliasing within the mass

Question 23

complete hydatidiform mole gives what sono appearance

Answer 23

swiss cheese

Question 24

cystic degeneration of the chorionic villi associated with

Answer 24

theca luteal cysts

Question 25

Hydatidiform Mole Malignant or benign

Answer 25

benign

Question 26

Trophoblastic Disease usual result

Answer 26

blighted ovum/fetal demise

Question 27

clinical feature of all trophoblastic diseases (2)

Answer 27

increase B hcg levels | vaginal bleeding -> may include passage of vessicles

Question 28

cause of Complete hydatiform mole and chromo pattern

Answer 28

Forms when sperm fertilizes an egg that does not contain an original maternal nucleus 46xx (diploid karyotype)

Question 29

main sono appearance of Complete hydatiform mole

Answer 29

mass with multiple cysts in it with varying size

Question 30

cause of partial hydatiform mole and chromo pattern

Answer 30

Forms when 2 haploid sperm fertilizes a normal egg but there are two sets of DNA from the father in the fertilized egg. Placenta cell are abnormal 69, XXX or 69, XXY (triploid karyotype)

Question 31

comparison of fetal parts seen in complete vs partial hydatiform mole

Answer 31

complete: absence of fetus partial: fetal parts seen

Question 32

what is more likely to see on US complete or partial hydatiform moles

Answer 32

complete

Question 33

why do we treat hydatiform mole if its benign

Answer 33

to avoid persistent trophoblastic neoplasia

Question 34

most common persistent trophoblastic neoplasia

Answer 34

invasive mole

Question 35

what is invasive mole

Answer 35

Intermediate stage between a benign mole and a highly malignant choriocarcinoma

Question 36

another name for invasive mole

Answer 36

chorioadenoma destruens

Question 37

where is choriocarcinoma most likely to metastasize to

Answer 37

lung

Question 38

treatment for malignant trophoblastic diseases

Answer 38

hysterectomy and chemo

Question 39

most rare and fatal type of gestational trophoblastic disease

Answer 39

Placental-site trophoblastic neoplasia (PSTT)

Question 40

PSTT spreads where

Answer 40

muscles of the uterus and into the blood vessels. May also spread to the lungs, pelvis or lymph nodes

Question 41

Epithelioid trophoblastic tumours (ETT) are benign or malignant? and where can it spread

Answer 41

either and spreads to lungs

Question 42

Patients are followed up on gestational trophoblastic disease until

Answer 42

their HcG levels return to normal