2-Antibiotics

Question 1

What should you always consider before starting abx?

Answer 1

• most likely infecting organism?
• gram stain and C&S?
• allergies?
• kidney function
• drug interactions

Question 2

what is Augmentin?

Answer 2

amoxicillin/clavulanic acid

Question 3

what is Zosyn?

Answer 3

piperacillin/tazobactam

Question 4

what is Unasyn?

Answer 4

ampicillin/sulbactam

Question 5

what is Timentin?

Answer 5

ticarcillin/clavulanic acid

Question 6

what is Zyvox?

Answer 6

linezolid

Question 7

what is Invanz?

Answer 7

ertapenem

Question 8

what is Cubicin?

Answer 8

daptomycin

Question 9

what is Tygacil?

Answer 9

tigecycline

Question 10

what is Bactrim?

Answer 10

TMP/SMX

Question 11

what is Rocephin?

Answer 11

Ceftriaxone

Question 12

what is Avelox?

Answer 12

moxifloxacin

Question 13

what is Zithromax?

Answer 13

azithromycin

Question 14

what is Primaxim?

Answer 14

imipenem/cilastatin

Question 15

what is Synercid?

Answer 15

dalfopristin-quinipristin

Question 16

what is Cleocin?

Answer 16

clindamycin

Question 17

what is Flagyl?

Answer 17

metronidazole

Question 18

what is the dosage for Augmentin?

Answer 18

(amoxicillin/clavulanic acid)

500mg or 875mg PO BID

Question 19

how much clavulanic acid is in Augmentin 500mg? 875mg?

Answer 19

both have 125mg

Question 20

what is the indication for Augmentin?

Answer 20

PO abx for outpatient tx of polymicrobial infection

Question 21

what is the spectrum of activity of Augmentin?

Answer 21

Staph (not MRSA), Strep, Enterecocci, Gram (-), anaerobes

but NOT pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 22

what is the dosage for Zosyn?

Answer 22

(piperacillin/tazobactam)

3. 375g IV q6h
   * renal dose- 2.25g IV q6h

Question 23

what is the indication for Zosyn?

Answer 23

approved for use in adults for the treatment of moderate to severe diabetic foot infections

Question 24

what is the spectrum of coverage for Zosyn?

Answer 24

Staph (not MRSA), Strep, Enterococci, Gram (-), anaerobes,

YES to pseudomonas

Question 25

what is the dosage for Unasyn?

Answer 25

(ampicillin/sulbactam)
3.0g IV q6h
renal dose- 1.5g IV q6h

Question 26

what is the indication for Unasyn?

Answer 26

empiric therapy for polymicrobial diabetic foot infections

Question 27

what is the spectrum of activity of Unasyn?

Answer 27

Staph (not MRSA), Strep, Enterococci, Gram (-), anaerobes,

NO pseudomonas

Question 28

what is an alternative abx for a patient with a penicillin allergy if you originally wanted to use Unasyn?

Answer 28

Clindamycin/Cipro
Levaquin
etc.

Question 29

What is the dosage for Timentin?

Answer 29

(ticarcillin/clavulanic acid)

3.1g IV q4-6hr

Question 30

what is the indication for Timentin?

Answer 30

broad spectrum abx for polymicrobial infections

Question 31

what is the spectrum of activity for Timentin?

Answer 31

Staph (not MRSA), Strep, Gram (-), anaerobes

YES for pseudomonas

Question 32

what side effect should you watch for with Timentin?

Answer 32

increased Na+ load

Question 33

what concern is there of a patient on both penicillins and probenecid?

Answer 33

probenecid will increase duration of serum levels of PCN and most cephalosporins

Question 34

how are penicillins excreted?

Answer 34

all are renally cleared except piperacillin, mezlocillin, azlocillin

Question 35

what are the IV alternatives for PCN allergic patients?

Answer 35

clindamycin, vancomycin, Levaquin, Bactrim

Question 36

which penicillins cover pseudomonas?

Answer 36

(4th and 5th gen)
piperacillin, Zosyn
ticarcillin, Timentin
carbenicillin, mezlocillin, azlocillin

Question 37

What is the percentage of cross-reactivity of cephalosporins and PCNs?

Answer 37

1-10%

Question 38

How do you treat serious hospital acquired Gram (-) infections?

Answer 38

3rd gen ceph, aminoglycosides (i.e. Rocephin, gentamycin)