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Crozer Keystone Residency Manual > 9-Trauma > Flashcards

9-Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

What does the primary survey of a trauma patient consist of?

A 
ABCDE
Airway
Breathing
Circulation 
Disability- assess neurologic status
Exposure of patient and environmental control
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2
Q

What should always be asked with a break in the skin?

A

tetanus status

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3
Q

What is a clinical test for a fracture?

A

point tenderness over a fracture site

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4
Q

Name the appropriate classification for: distal phalangeal/nail

A

Rosenthal

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5
Q

Name the appropriate classification for: 1st Metatarsophalangeal

A

Jahss

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6
Q

Name the appropriate classification for: 5th met base

A

Stewart

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7
Q

Name the appropriate classification for: Lisfranc joint

A

Quenu & Kuss, Hardcastle

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8
Q

Name the appropriate classification for: navicular

A

Watson-Jones

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9
Q

Name the appropriate classification for: posterior tibial tendon

A

Conti (based on MRI findings)

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10
Q

Name the appropriate classification for: talar neck

A

Hawkins

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11
Q

Name the appropriate classification for: talar body

A

Sneppen

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12
Q

Name the appropriate classification for: talar dome

A

Berndt & Hardy, Fallot & Wy

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13
Q

Name the appropriate classification for: calcaneus

A

Rowe
Essex-Lopresti
Sanders

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14
Q

Name the appropriate classification for: anterior process of calcaneal fx

A

Degan

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15
Q

Name the appropriate classification for: ankle sprains

A

O’Donoghue, Leach, Rasmussen

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16
Q

Name the appropriate classification for: physeal ankle fx

A

Dias & Tachdijan

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17
Q

Name the appropriate classification for: pediatric physeal injuries

A

Salter-harris

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18
Q

Name the appropriate classification for: ankle fx

A

Lauge-Hansen, Danis-Weber

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19
Q

Name the appropriate classification for: Pilon fx (distal tibial metaphysis)

A

Ruedi & Allgower, Dias &Tachdjian

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20
Q

Name the appropriate classification for: Achilles rupture

A

Kuwada

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21
Q

Name the appropriate classification for: open fx

A

Gustillo

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22
Q

Name the appropriate classification for: non-unions

A

Weber & Cech

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23
Q

Name the appropriate classification for: frostbite

A

Orr & Fainer, Washburn

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24
Q

Which is the most stable fx pattern?

A

transverse

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25
what is the Vassal principle?
internal fixation of the primary fracture will assist in stabilization of the secondary fx
26
What are possible complciations of fx?
``` delayed union non-union pseudoarthrosis osteoarthritis AVN ```
27
what is the most common cause of non-healing for a bone fx?
improper immobilization
28
are dorsal or plantar Lisfranc dislocations more common?
dorsal- the plantar ligaments are stronger than dorsal
29
what are the ottawa ankle rules for obtaining ankle films?
inability to bear weight both immediately and in ED bony tenderness at posterior edge or distal 6cm of lateral malleolus bony tenderness at posterior edge or distal 6 cm of medial malleolus
30
what are the ottawa ankle rules for obtaining foot films?
inability to bear weight both immediatey and in the ED bony tenderness at base of 5th met bony tenderness at navicular
31
what is the classification system for talar dome lesions?
Berndt & hardy
32
what stages of Berndt & Hardy are often associated with lateral ankle ligament ruptures?
II, III. IV
33
What are the common locations of talar dome lesions and their mechanisms of injury?
*mnemonic- DIAL A PIMP Dorsiflexion/ inversion --> anterior lateral lesions plantarflexion/inversion --> medial posterior lesions
34
What is teh Hawkins sign?
presence of subchondral talar dome osteopenia seen 6-8 weeks after talar fx signifiying intact vascularity *ABSENCE of sign implies AVN
35
what is the sneppen classification?
talar body fx
36
what percentage of fx of the talus involve the calcaneus?
60%
37
What is Mondor's sign?
plantar, rearfoot ecchymosis that is pathogneumonic for calcaneal fx
38
how is bohler's angle affected by a calcneal fx?
decreases with intra-articular calcaneal fx
39
how is teh critical angle of gissane affected by a calcaneal fx?
increases with intra-articular calcaneal fx
40
what fx are commonly associated with calcaneal fx?
vertebral fx- esp L1 femoral neck tibial plateau
41
what is the mechanism of injury for an anterior process fx?
inversion with plantarflexion
42
what are some clinical exam tests/ radiographic imaging for ligament pathology?
``` anterior draw test calcaneofibulr stress inversion abductions tress ankle arthrogram peroneal tenography ```
43
Describe the talar tilt test.
>10 deg indicates rupture of CFL
44
what are teh clinical symptoms of an Achilles tendon rupture?
``` pain with history of "pop" weakness or loss of fxn palpable dell in area of ruptured tendon inability to perform single leg rise increased ankle dorsiflexion ```
45
what is the thompson test?
a positive test results when squeezing of the calf does NOT plantarflex the foot
46
What is the Hoffa sign?
increased dorsiflexion compared to contralateral leg with the inability to perform a single leg rise test
47
what is a radiographic finding of an Achilles tendon rupture?
disruption of kager's triangle
48
what is te most common location for the achilles tendon to rupture?
1.5- 4.0 cm proximal to calcaneal insertion
49
Name the fx: Pott fx
bimalleolar fx
50
Name the fx: Cotton fx
tri-malleolar fx
51
Name the fx: Tillaux-Chaput
avulsion of AITFL from the anterior lateral tibia
52
Name the fx: Wagstaff
avulsion of AITFL from the anterior medial fibula
53
Name the fx:Volkmann
avulsion of PITFL from the tibia
54
Name the fx: Maisonneauve
proximal fibular fx
55
What is the most common mechanism of injury for an ankle fracture?
SER (supination- external rotation)
56
what is the MOI causing a transverse lateral malleolar fx?
SAD I
57
what is the MOI causing a short, oblique medial malleolar fx?
SAD II
58
what is teh MOI causing a short, oblique lateral malleolar fx (AP view)?
PAB III
59
What is teh MOI causing a spiral, lateral malleolar fx with a psoterior spike (AP and lateral views)?
SER II
60
what is the MOI to the ankle with a high fibular fx? What is this fx called?
PER II | maisonneauve fx

Crozer Keystone Residency Manual (8 decks)

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