10-Bone tumors Flashcards
What are the different patterns of bone destruction? name it increasing malignancy.
geographic
moth-eaten
permeative
Describe the geographic pattern of bone destruction.
least destructive, slowly developing, usually benign or low-grade malignancy
*well defined zone of transition that separates the lesion from normal appearing bone
What is the most common benign primary bone tumor?
osteochondroma
what is the most common malignant primary bone tumor?
multiple myeloma
describe the permeative pattern of bone destruction.
most aggressive and rapidly progressive malignant process
*zone of transition is poorly defined and is very wide
name the malignant bone tumors of the foot.
chondrosarcoma osteosarcoma periosteal sarcoma ewings sarcoma fibrosarcoma multiple myeloma
describe the moth-eaten pattern of bone destruction.
is a more rapidly destructive process than geographic; has an intermediate zone of transition that is wide and less well-defined
name the benign bone tumors of the foot.
*mnemonic: FOG MACHINES fibrous dysplasia osteochondroma giant cell tumor myeloma aneurysmal bone cyst chondroblastoma, chondromyxoid fibroma, clear cell hemangioma infection non-ossifying fibroma eosinophilic granuloma, enchondroma, epidermal inclusion cyst solitary bone cyst
what are the different patterns of periosteal reactions/
single layer- benign but sometimes malignant
onion skin- malignant, multiple layers of periosteum
sunburst- spiculated rays
hair on end- parallel rays
codman triangle- triangular elevation of periosteum
what are the most common cancers that metastasize to the foot?
breast, prostate, lung, kidney
what bone tumors do not form matrix?
bone cysts
ewings sarcoma
giant cell tumor
what primary bone tumors are more frequent in females?
giant cell tumor
ABC (aneurysmal bone cyst)
parosteal osteosarcoma
Name some bone tumors that are located in the epiphysis.
chondroblastoma
giant cell tumor (forms in metaphysis though)
name some bone tumors found in the metaphysis.
enchondroma (also diaphyseal) osteochodnroma non-ossifying fibroma unicameral bone cyst aneurysmal bone cyst giant cell tumor (extends into epiphysis) medullary osteosarcoma parosteal osteosarcoma chondrosarcoma
name some bone tumors found in the diaphysis.
osteoid osteoma osteoblastoma enchondroma (also metaphyseal) ewings sarcoma (also meta-diaphysis) periosteal osteosarcoma
name some bone tumors that are centrally located.
enchondroma
unicameral bone cyst
name some bone tumors found in the cortex of bone.
osteoid osteoma
non-ossifying fibroma
name some bone tumors that are found eccentrically located in the medullary canal.
giant cell tumor
chondrosarcoma
osteosarcoma
name some bone tumors that are found in the periosteum.
osteochondroma
periosteal osteosarcoma
what are characteristics of an osteoid osteoma?
benign, osteolytic lesion with central nidus (
what are characteristics of osteoblastoma?
“giant osteoid osteoma”
- benign tumor that may become malignant
- osteolytic lesion with well-circumscribed nidus (>1.5cm) that may have multiple calcifications
- occurs in 2nd to 3rd decades of life
- less symptomatic than osteoid osteoma, pain not relieved by ASA
what are teh characteristics of an enchondroma?
benign, well-defined intramedullary cartilaginous lesion
- painless swelling unless pathologic fracture
- geographic lesions w/ punctate calcified matrix
- occurs in 3rd to 4th decades of life
what is Ollier disease?
multiple enchondromatosis
may become malignant
occurs in 1st decade of life
what is maffuccis disease?
multiple enchondromas with soft tissue hemangiomas
most become malignant
1st decade of life
