2009 module exam

Question 1

The uterus is primarily supported by

Answer 1

Cardinal ligament

Question 2

In ligation of the uterine vessels, we should look out not to injure

Answer 2

Ureter

Question 3

Somatic innervation of the final third of the vagina is by

Answer 3

Pudendal nerve

Question 4

Parasympathetic innervation to the cervix and vagina is by

Answer 4

Pelvic splanchic

Question 5

What is the drainage for the ovaries?

Answer 5

Lumber LN

Question 6

A 18-year-old patient with heavy bleeding in a 28-days-cycle and heavy clots for six months

Answer 6

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding

Question 7

What are the earliest changes in the endometrium after ovulation?

Answer 7

Tortuous glands and subnuclear vacuoles

Question 8

Prolonged excessive endometrial stimulation without secretory changes

Answer 8

Anovulatory cycle

Question 9

A 40-year-old woman with heavy bleeding at regular intervals without organic causes

Answer 9

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding

Question 10

Thinning of endometrium with few glands

Answer 10

Endometrial atrophy

Question 11

Which drug induces ovulation?

Answer 11

Clomiphene

Question 12

What is used for advanced breast cancer?

Answer 12

Tamoxifen

Question 13

A patient wanted to use raloxifene over ethinyl estrogen to treat breast cancer. What would be the reason to choose raloxifene?

Answer 13

It treats breast cancers related to family history

Question 14

It was an EBM question, what is the most specific search.

Answer 14

Wherever [AND] is found most to reduce the search found

Question 15

Which gives the blood supply to the anterior scrotum?

Answer 15

Femoral artery

Question 16

Capacitation starts with the event of

Answer 16

Efflux of cholesterol

Question 17

Mechanism of action of combined oral contraceptives

Answer 17

Decrease ovulation

Question 18

Progesterone receptor blocker

Answer 18

Mifepristone (RU 486)

Question 19

Contraceptives are contra-indicated in

Answer 19

Cerebrovascular diseases

Question 20

Contraceptives are best used to

Answer 20

Decrease ovarian cancer

Question 21

Which drug causes destruction of sperm-producing cells?

Answer 21

Gossypol

Question 22

A patient with internal GI hemorrhage, we want to do a pelvic examination, where do we do it? ((something like that :p))

Answer 22

Posterior fornix with rectouterine pouch

Question 23

Which is responsible for the production of hCG?

Answer 23

Syncytiotrophoblasts

Question 24

What is the most immunological cause of infertility?

Answer 24

Sperm immobilization antibodies

Question 25

What is the pathophysiology of anti-sperm antibodies?

Answer 25

Agglutination

Question 26

Which antibodies cause recurrent miscarriage?

Answer 26

Anti-phospholipid Abs

Question 27

Which causes recurrent miscarriages?

Answer 27

Th1 reactivity

Question 28

What is the mechanism of developing recurrent miscarriages?

Answer 28

Apoptosis of trophoblast cells

Question 29

What decreases during pregnancy?

Answer 29

Hematocrit

Question 30

What drug causes nasal hypoplasia?

Answer 30

Warfarin

Question 31

What drug causes photomelia?

Answer 31

Thalidomide

Question 32

Which drug and for what condition can be used in pregnancy?

Answer 32

Methyldopa – pregnancy

Question 33

What is the major fuel used by the fetus in the 2nd trimester?

Answer 33

Glucose

Question 34

Why is permeability low in the placenta in the first weeks?

Answer 34

Thick membranes

Question 35

What will lead to normal female differentiation?

Answer 35

Absence of Y chromosome

Question 36

What is produced by mesenchyme of testes in development?

Answer 36

Leydig cells

Question 37

Which is a remnant of the gubernaculum?

Answer 37

Round ligament of uterus

Question 38

What is the function of 5-alpha-reductase?

Answer 38

Testosterone to DHT for external male genitalia development

Question 39

A patient with unilocular cyst and one line of columnar epithelium with cilia

Answer 39

Serous cystadenoma

Question 40

Transitional cell tumor of the ovary

Answer 40

Brenner tumor

Question 41

What is the microscopic part of CIN II?

Answer 41

2/3 of epithelium have dysplasia

Question 42

What is the most common cervical cancer?

Answer 42

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 43

Nests and tongues of invasive malignant cells with keratinized and non-keratinized parts

Answer 43

Squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix

Question 44

Multiple nodules with cigar shaped nuclei and no mitosis or atypia

Answer 44

Leiomyoma

Question 45

Which antigens are responsible for the cervical dysplasia?

Answer 45

E6 + E7

Question 46

What is a characteristic of mammary gland?

Answer 46

Modified apocrine sweat glands

Question 47

A patient with breast pain, apocrine metaplasia, and cyst formation

Answer 47

Fibrocystic changes

Question 48

A patient with breast disorder and slit-like glands with mitosis and atypia

Answer 48

Phyllodes tumor malignant

Question 49

A patient with breast disorder and foamy histiocytes and giant and inflammatory cells

Answer 49

Fat necrosis

Question 50

A patient with breast mass cyst in UOQ of 3 cm. FNA showed greenish fluid. What is the next method of investigation done?

Answer 50

Cytology of aspirated fluid

Question 51

A 50-year-old woman is suspected with breast cancer. What is the method of investigation?

Answer 51

Mammogram

Question 52

A 45-year-old patient with 5 children came for menorhaggia every 15 days. What should we do?

Answer 52

Endometrial biopsy

Question 53

Counting number of pads

Answer 53

Subjective measurement of uterine blood loss

Question 54

Which drug is not used during the whole pregnancy?

Answer 54

ACEI

Question 55

Bilateral tumor with psammoma bodies

Answer 55

Serous carcinoma

Question 56

Its secretion causes masculinization of external genitalia

Answer 56

Leydig cells

Question 57

Where does the vagus nerve enter the abdomen?

Answer 57

Esophageal hiatus