2.1 learning theories

Question 1

what is the main part of operant conditioning

Answer 1

SR bonds, trial and error learning

Question 2

what experiment is used to describe operant conditioning?

Answer 2

rat and lever
- rat is conditioned to pull lever to recieve treats

Question 3

describe positive reinforcement

Answer 3

approval given by coach when correct response given

Question 4

describe negative reinforcement

Answer 4

removal of criticism when correct response performed

Question 5

desribe punishment

Answer 5

used to prevent an undesirable sr bond forming

Question 6

describe thorndikes laws

Answer 6

• law of exercise - practice to strengthen SR bond
• law of effect - if response followed by satisfyer, SR bond strengthened
• law of readiness - performer must be physically and mentally able

Question 7

give the 4 key points of operant conditioning

Answer 7

• strengthen sr bond
• manipulate environment
• trial and error
• poitive and negative reinforcement

Question 8

give an advantage and a disadvantage for operant conditioning

Answer 8

+
- effective for strengthening SR bond
- easy to give out praise
- highly effective for young performers
- can motivate people
-
- reward can become more importsnt than participation
- if used at wrong time it can strengthen the wrong SR bond
- reward can become meaningless if overused

Question 9

what is the mian part of cognitive theory?

Answer 9

past experiances

Question 10

what experiment is an example of cognitive?

Answer 10

chimp with peanut

Question 11

key points of cognitive

Answer 11

whole problem
intervening variables
past experiances
problem solving
insight learning

Question 12

why might a coach not use cognitive learning theory

Answer 12

skill may be too dangerous
skill may be too complex

Question 13

what is the main part of social learning theory

Answer 13

ARRM

Question 14

what experiment is used in social learning theory?

Answer 14

bobo doll

Question 15

what are the key factors that encourage copying a demonstration in social learning theory

Answer 15

if demonstrator is:
similar age
role model
motivated
believes they can
fun
clear
repeated

Question 16

describe each part of ARRM

Answer 16

Attention - demo must be clear, focuses on key aspects
retention - observer needs to store a mental picture, should be repeated
motor reprotuction - msut be able to ohysically reproduce skill
motivation - athlete must be driven, percieve they can