3.1 - public schools

Question 1

who is Thomas Arnold and what did he do ?

Answer 1

• head master of Rugby school
• made sport compulsory to encourage ethics, fair play and leadership

Question 2

define “cult of athleticism”

Answer 2

combination of physical endeavor and moral integrity

Question 3

define muscular christianity

Answer 3

combination of godliness and manliness

Question 4

describe 3 ways ex pupils spread and export sport

Answer 4

• joined army spreaidng ethics abroad
• became a teacher spreading ethics to pupils
• parent spreading ethics to children
• factory owner set up teams and spread ethics
• clergy spread game to parish
• Joined NGBS codifying rules and bringing more structure

Question 5

compare characteristics of pre industrial and 19th century sport

Answer 5

• unlimited playing area vs marked pitches
• unwritten rules vs codified rules
• any clothing vs speciallised sportswear
• violent vs fair play emphasised
• local vs travel to fixtures
• natural rescources vs equipment and facilities

Question 6

give some practical examples of how characteristics were developed through team games

Answer 6

• bravery, stepping up to bat vs opppositions best bowler
• teamwork, working ith others in cricket
• respect, accepting the decision of the referee in rugby
• sportsmanship, throwing ball back to opposition when its their throw in rugby