Embryo

Question 1

ototoxicity drugs

Answer 1

aminoglycosides(strep/tobra/neo/gentamicin/amikacin)

Question 2

neural tube defect drugs

Answer 2

MTX/TMP, carbamazapine, valproic acid

Question 3

discolored teeth drug

Answer 3

tetracycline(only RMSF in kids)

Question 4

blood thinner during pregnancy

Answer 4

heparin(warfarin crosses placenta)

Question 5

limb/digit defect drugs

Answer 5

thalidomide, alkylating agents(cyclophosphamide)

Question 6

ebstein anomaly+drug

Answer 6

atrialized right ventricle-lithium

Question 7

DES association

Answer 7

clear cell vaginal adenoma&mullerian abnormalities

Question 8

Phenytoin effects

Answer 8

fetal hydantoin syndrome(IUGR/microcephaly/limb defects)

Question 9

cocaine birth effects

Answer 9

placental abruption, addiction&abnormal developement

Question 10

vitamin A in pregnancy

Answer 10

excess=spontaneous abortion/birth defects

Question 11

pregnancy x-ray effects

Answer 11

microcephaly, retardation

Question 12

maternal diabetes association

Answer 12

caudal regression syndrome(anal atresia), heart/neural tube defects

Question 13

aortic arch derivatives

Answer 13

1=maxillary, 2=stape/hyoid, 3-carotid, 4-L=arch/ R=subclavian, 6=pulmonary arteries/L ductus arteriosus

Question 14

branchial arch derivatives

Answer 14

1=mastication(treacher collins) V2/3, 2-facial-VII, 3-stylop-IX, 4-6=larynx/pharynx-X

Question 15

branchial pouch derivatives

Answer 15

1-ear, 2-tonsils, 3-inf PT/thymus, 4-sup PT

Question 16

testes determining factor

Answer 16

SRY gene(releases mullerian inhibitory factor/Test)

Question 17

suspensory ligament of the ovaries vessels

Answer 17

ovarian(ureter at risk in oophorectomy)

Question 18

cardinal ligament vessels

Answer 18

uterine(ureter at risk in hysterectomy)

Question 19

spermatogenisis genetics

Answer 19

2ndary spermocyte&later= haploid, zoon=activated

Question 20

oogenesis genetics

Answer 20

diploid until ovulation meiosis I, meiosis II-fertilization

Question 21

pregnancy timeline

Answer 21

fertilize-1d after ovulation, 6d-implant, bHCG 1w in blood, 2w in urine

Question 22

testicular atrophy, gynecomastia, female hair in a M

Answer 22

47XXY-klinefelters

Question 23

web neck, short, infertile F

Answer 23

45X0 Turners syndrome

Question 24

turners syndrome asspciations

Answer 24

coarctation of the aorta, horseshoe kidney, dysgerminoma

Question 25

tall, antisocial &severe acne M

Answer 25

47XYY-double Y(normal fertility

Question 26

anosmia+lack of secondary sex characteristics

Answer 26

Kallmen’s syndrome(defective GnRH migration)