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cell biology > Lecture 27- Cell Cycle > Flashcards

Lecture 27- Cell Cycle Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards
1
Q

What happens in the G1 phase?

A

Cells grow with unreplicated chromosomes

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2
Q

What happens in the S phase

A

DNA is synthesized:

Chromosomes are replicated and sister chromatids are created

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3
Q

What happens in the g2 phase

A

Cell is growing again with replicated chromosomes

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4
Q

What phases consist interphase?

A

G1, S, and G2

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5
Q

What is the M-phase

A

Mitosis

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6
Q

What is prophase

A

Chromosomes condense and reorganize

Golgi disassembles

Nuclear envelope breaks down

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7
Q

What is metaphase

A

Replicated chromosomes line up on the spindle

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8
Q

What is anaphase

A

Sister chromatids separate

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9
Q

What is telophase

A

Undoing prophase

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10
Q

What is cytokinesis

A

An animal cell process

Pinching of the plasma membrane in order to separate

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11
Q

What is the cell plate process

A

A plant cell process

A new cell wall is built at the center of the mitotic spindle

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12
Q

What is the G0 phase

A

A specialized resting phase. The cell is not growing. Usually with unreplicated chromosomes

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13
Q

What is an oocyte?

A

A diploid cell that will make one egg

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14
Q

What is a maturation promoting factor (MPF)?

A

When MPF is injected into oocytes, it stimulates the cell to enter meiosis or mitosis

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15
Q

What are temperature-sensitive proteins

A

Proteins that function at low temps but not at high temps

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16
Q

What does permissive and restrictive temperatures mean?

A

Permissive temperatures allow cells to work. Restrictive temperatures do not allow cells to work.

17
Q

What are CDC mutants?

A

Mutant cells that when under restrictive temperatures, the cell cycle stops at a specific point

18
Q

What is a restriction point?

A

The transition from G1 to S phases in the cell cycle that are restricted.

19
Q

What are mitogens?

A

A primary messenger that tells cells to enter the cell cycle. Triggers the cyclin dependent process.

20
Q

What is CDK?

A

A kinase that is inactive unless bound by cyclin

21
Q

What are the functions of cyclin

A

Bind/activate CDK and recruit substrates

22
Q

What are G1 cyclins?

A

Present during G1 phase. Activate S-phase cyclins in response to mitogens

23
Q

What are S-phase cyclins?

A

Cyclins that control synthesis of DNA. Set up mitotic cyclins

cell biology (27 decks)

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