2G - Erik Erikson stages

Question 1

Infant (0–18 months)

Answer 1

Trust vs Mistrust
Infants learn to trust when they receive consistent love and care. If not, mistrust and insecurity develop.

Question 2

Toddler (18 months–3 years)

Answer 2

Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt
Children begin to assert control by doing things themselves. Overprotection or ridicule can cause shame and self-doubt.

Question 3

Preschooler (3-5 years)

Answer 3

Initiative vs Guilt (3–5 years)
Through play, children plan and act. Criticism of their imagination or questions may lead to guilt.

Question 4

Primary schooler (6-12 years)

Answer 4

Industry vs Inferiority (6–12 years)
Praise for efforts builds confidence and industry. Negative feedback may result in feelings of inferiority.

Question 5

Adolescent (12-18 years)

Answer 5

Identity vs Role Confusion (12–18 years)
Adolescents form identity based on values and relationships. Without this, they feel confused about their future.

Question 6

Young Adult (18-25 years)

Answer 6

Intimacy vs Isolation (18–25 years)
Back: Young adults seek deep relationships. Without them, they may feel isolated and uncared-for.

Question 7

Middle Age (25-65 years)

Answer 7

Generativity vs Stagnation (25–65 years)
Back: Adults focus on guiding the next generation. Neglecting this leads to self-centeredness and lack of meaning.

Question 8

Old Age (65+ years)

Answer 8

Integrity vs Despair (65+ years)
In old age, reflection leads to integrity if life feels meaningful. Otherwise, regret leads to despair.