#3 Bio| Lesson 2 - Cells

Question 1

Membrane that surrounds and protects the cell. Separates the inside of the cell from the external environment. Allows materials to flow into and out of the cell.

Answer 1

Cell membrane

Question 2

Everything between the nuclear membrane and the cell membrane. The region inside the cell except for the nucleus.

Answer 2

Cytoplasm

Question 3

Supplies cell with energy. Known as the “powerhouse of the cell”

Answer 3

Mitochondria

Question 4

Small structure that synthesizes proteins. Some float in the cytoplasm, others are attached to the Endoplasmic Reticulum.

Answer 4

Ribosome

Question 5

Transports materials made in the cell. Connected to the nucleus. (Two types- Smooth ______, Rough ______)

Answer 5

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 6

Transports and stores materials inside the cell, Package created by the Golgi apparatus

Answer 6

Vesicle

Question 7

Sorts and packages proteins and other molecules for transport out of the cell.

Answer 7

Golgi Body

Question 8

Provides a framework for the cell, helping it maintain its structure. Tubules and filaments that give the cell its shape. Is involved in cell and organelle movement.

Answer 8

Cytoskeleton

Question 9

Sac the stores water, nutrients, or waste products. (Plant cells: one large _____, Animal cells: several smaller _____)

Answer 9

Vacuole

Question 10

Only found in plant cells. Support the cell. Located just outside of the cell membrane. (박테리아에도 있음)

Answer 10

Cell wall

Question 11

Only found in plant cells. Trap energy from the sun to produce sugar through photosynthesis. Contains chlorophyll. Gives plants their green color.

Answer 11

Chloroplast

Question 12

Sac filled with digestive chemicals. Digests excess or worn-out cell parts, food particles and invading viruses or bacteria. (Animal cells have this organelle)

Answer 12

Lysosome

Question 13

Structure that manufactures ribosomes.

Answer 13

Nucleolus

Question 14

Structure that contains DNA and regulates genes. Organelle that manages or controls all the cell functions in a eukaryotic cell.

Answer 14

Nucleus

Question 15

Structure that organizes motion of chromosomes. Animal cells contain centrioles which are used during cell division.

Answer 15

Centrosome

Question 16

It stores food and pigments. (Plant cells have this.)

Answer 16

Plastid

Question 17

Membrane that protects the nucleus.

Answer 17

Nuclear membrane

Question 18

Outermost layer of the cell that provides protection. (Prokaryotic cells have this. Bacteria cells…)

Answer 18

Capsule

Question 19

Region inside the cell that contains genetic material but is not surrounded by a nuclear membrane. (Prokaryotic cells have this.)

Answer 19

Nucleoid

Question 20

Circular piece of genetic material. (Bacteria have this.)

Answer 20

Plasmid

Question 21

Hair-like structure that the cell uses for movement. (Bacteria have this.)

Answer 21

Flagellum

Question 22

Hair-like structure that attaches the cell to a surface and can transfer genetic material from one cell to another. (Bacteria have this.)

Answer 22

Pilus