3.5 lipids

Question 1

What are the functions of lipids?

Answer 1

Storage of energy
Hormone communication
Insulation (electrical)
Protection of vital organs
Structural components

Question 2

What are the three main lipids?

Answer 2

Cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids

Question 3

what are the components of a phospholipid

Answer 3

1 glycero, 2 fatty acids and a phosphate group

Question 4

what does amphipathic mean?

Answer 4

in a phospholipid the head is hydrophilic and the tails are hydrophobic

Question 5

what are the functions of phospholipids?

Answer 5

-forms the cell surface plasma membrane
-forms glycolipids with carbohydrates
-is a surfactant

Question 6

what components are in a triglyceride?

Answer 6

1 glycerol and 3 fatty acid tails

Question 7

define esterification

Answer 7

in triglycerides the hydroxyl group on the glycerol reacts with the carboxyl group on the fatty acids to form a ester bond

Question 8

how many water molecules are needed to hydrolyse a triglyceride?

Answer 8

3

Question 9

functions of a triglyceride

Answer 9

-compact energy source
-thermal insulation
-protective properties

Question 10

what causes kinks in a fatty acid ?

Answer 10

c=c

Question 11

what are the functions of cholesterol?

Answer 11

-vitamin d and bile production
-regulates fluidity of a cell surface membrane
-production of some hormones

Question 12

what are the components of cholesterol?

Answer 12

4 carbon based rings and a hydroxyl group