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DRUGS > Micro - Penicillins And Cephalosporins > Flashcards

Micro - Penicillins And Cephalosporins Flashcards

1
Q

Rank Penicillins by GM negative

Naf, penicillins, amox, piper/ticer

A

Increasing Gm negative spectrum:

Naf, penicillins, amox, piper/ticer

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2
Q

Nafcillin - Treats?

A

Staph (not MRSA)

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3
Q

Nafcillin - Side effects

A

Interstitial nephritis

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4
Q

Nafcillin - Cool neat thing?

A

Resistant to penicillinases

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5
Q

Penicillins (V and G) - Treats?

A

(+): Strep pneumo, Strep Pyo, Actinomyces
(-): Niesseria
Spirochetes

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6
Q

Jarlisch Herxheimer

A

Killing of spirochetes –> toxicity

not hypersensitivity

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7
Q

Amoxicillin / Ampicillin - Treats?

A

HHEELPSS:

H. influenza, H. Pylori, E. Coli, Enterococci, Listeria, Proteus, Salmonella, shigella

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8
Q

Amoxicillin / ampicillin - SE?

A

Pseudomembranous colitis

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9
Q

Pipercillin / Ticercillin - Treat?

A

Pseudomonas

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10
Q

Penicillin (V and G) - SE?

A

Hemolytic anemia

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11
Q

Penicillinase inhibitors (b-lactamase inhibitors)

A

Clavulinic acid, sulbactam, tazobactam

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12
Q

Gen 1 celphalosporins:

A

Cephazolin, cephalexin

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13
Q

G1 Cephalosporins - treat?

A

PECK:

Proteus mirabilis, E. coli, Klebsiella

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14
Q

G2 Cephalosporins:

A

Cefaclor, Cefoxitin, cefuroxime

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15
Q

G2 Cephalosporins - Treat?

A

HEN PECKS:

H. Flu, Enterobacter, Neisseria spp., Proteus mirabilis, E. coli, Klebsiella, Serratia

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16
Q

G3 Cephalosporins:

A

Ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ceftazidine

17
Q

G3 Cephalosporins - Treat?

A

Serious gram negatives
Ceftriaxone: Meningitis, gonorrhea, disseminated Lyme
Ceftazidime: Pseudomonas

18
Q

4th Gen cephalosporines

A

Cefepime

19
Q

4th Gen cephalosporins - treat?

A

Pseudomonas

20
Q

5th Gen cephalosporins:

A

Ceftaroline

21
Q

5th Gen cephalosporins - Treat? Don’t treat?

A

MRSA,

DOES NOT TREAT PSEUDOMONAS

22
Q

Cephalosporins AE? (3)

A

Disulfram like reactions
Vit K def.
AHA (and cross-reactivity with penicillins)
Nephrotoxiciy (especially when given with aminoglycosides)

23
Q

Carbapenems - use?

A

Very Broad spectrum, significant side effects limit use.

Used only for life threatening infections

24
Q

Carbapenems - AE? AE treatment?

A

Kidney –> Dehydropeptidase 1 –> Toxic Metabolite
Cilastatin –| Dehydropeptidase 1
Also: Skin rash, CNS toxicity –> Seizures

25
Q

Monobactam: Aztreonam - Binds?

A

Penicillin binding protein 3

26
Q

Aztreonam - USE?

A

Grm negative rods (no cross allergy with penicillins)

27
Q

Vancomycin - Use? (2)

A

MRSA + C. Dif

28
Q

Vancomycin - AE (3)

A

Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Thrombophlebitis (red man syndrome on quick infusion)

29
Q

Vancomycin - resistance mechanism

A

D-ala –> D-Lac

DRUGS (41 decks)

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