4 Flashcards by Elise Ramberg

Acrolein-caused haemorrhagic cystitis can be alleviated by mesna.

True
False

True

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Pair the substances used in constipation and diarrhoea to their correpsponding statements:

Decreases the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins

The alternatives:
1. MgSO4
2. Tannic acid
3. Loperamide
4. Undigestable fibres
5. Liquid paraffin
6. Lactulose

Liquid paraffin

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Pair the substances used in constipation and diarrhoea to their correpsponding statements:

GI tract motility increaser used in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), crossing the BBB:

The alternatives:
1. MgSO4
2. Tannic acid
3. Loperamide
4. Undigestable fibres
5. Liquid paraffin
6. Lactulose

Loperamide

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Pair the substances used in constipation and diarrhoea to their correpsponding statements:

Adstringent, vasoconstrictor antidiarrheal agent

The alternatives:
1. MgSO4
2. Tannic acid
3. Loperamide
4. Undigestable fibres
5. Liquid paraffin
6. Lactulose

tannic acid

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Pair the substances used in constipation and diarrhoea to their correpsponding statements:

Diuretic used primerally in non-dehidrated large animals having ad libitum drinking water supply

The alternatives:
1. MgSO4
2. Tannic acid
3. Loperamide
4. Undigestable fibres
5. Liquid paraffin
6. Lactulose

MgSO4

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Pair the substances used in constipation and diarrhoea to their correpsponding statements:

Osmotic diuretic used also in hepatic encephalopathy, administered orally or per rectum

The alternatives:
1. MgSO4
2. Tannic acid
3. Loperamide
4. Undigestable fibres
5. Liquid paraffin
6. Lactulose

Lactulose

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Pair the substances used in constipation and diarrhoea to their correpsponding statements:

Expanded due to absorption of moisture mechanically increases the motility of the GI tract helping passing the stool

The alternatives:
1. MgSO4
2. Tannic acid
3. Loperamide
4. Undigestable fibres
5. Liquid paraffin
6. Lactulose

Undigestable fibres

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The distribution of diaminopyrimidines in the body is very poor, they do not cross biological membranes

True
False

False

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Which statement is true about opioids ?

A. They act only in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, where the sensory nerves are switched.

B. They act at three sites: supraspinal, spinal and peripheral.

C. They act only supraspinally.

D. Act only peripherally, at the site of pain.

B. They act at three sites: supraspinal, spinal and peripheral.

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Which statement is true?

A. All three

B. Opioids act at the site of nociception.

C. Opioids have a very good analgesic effect.

D. Opioids have antidiarrheal and cough suppressant effects

A. All three

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Which of the statements is TRUE for Monobactams?

A. Extremely resistant to Gram-negative beta-lactamases, but ineffective against Gram- positive bacteria.

B. All Three.

C. They are classified as AMEG “A”

D. Aztreonam can only be administered parenterally, tigemonam can be administered per os

B. All Three.

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Tulathromycin and gamithromycin are effective against anaerobic bacteria, making them suitable for the treatment of foot-end infections in ruminants.

A. True
B. False

A. True

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Pair the active substances to their mechanisms of action!

dicoumarol derivatives

The alternatives:
1. Antagonist of coumarin derivatives
2. ADP receptor inhibitors
3. Antidote for heparin
4. disturbances in synthesis of a few blood clotting factors
5. COX inhibitors
6. Antithrombin activators

→ disturbances in synthesis of a few blood clotting factors

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Pair the active substances to their mechanisms of action!

vitamin K

The alternatives:
1. Antagonist of coumarin derivatives
2. ADP receptor inhibitors
3. Antidote for heparin
4. Disturbance of a few blood clotting factors
5. COX inhibitors
6. Antithrombin activators

→ antagonist of coumarin derivatives

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Pair the active substances to their mechanisms of action!

dalteparine

The alternatives:
1. Antagonist of coumarin derivatives
2. ADP receptor inhibitors
3. Antidote for heparin
4. Disturbance of a few blood clotting factors
5. COX inhibitors
6. Antithrombin activators

→ antithrombin activators

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Pair the active substances to their mechanisms of action!

clopidogrel

The alternatives:
1. Antagonist of coumarin derivatives
2. ADP receptor inhibitors
3. Antidote for heparin
4. Disturbance of a few blood clotting factors
5. COX inhibitors
6. Antithrombin activators

→ ADP receptor inhibitors

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Pair the active substances to their mechanisms of action!

protamine

The alternatives:
1. Antagonist of coumarin derivatives
2. ADP receptor inhibitors
3. Antidote for heparin
4. Disturbance of a few blood clotting factors
5. COX inhibitors
6. Antithrombin activators

→ antidote for heparin

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Pair the active substances to their mechanisms of action!

heparin

The alternatives:
1. Antagonist of coumarin derivatives
2. ADP receptor inhibitors
3. Antidote for heparin
4. Disturbance of a few blood clotting factors
5. COX inhibitors
6. Antithrombin activators

→ antithrombin activators

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Pair the active substances to their mechanisms of action:

acetylsalicylic acid

The alternatives:
1. Antagonist of coumarin derivatives
2. ADP receptor inhibitors
3. Antidote for heparin
4. Disturbance of a few blood clotting factors
5. COX inhibitors
6. Antithrombin activators

→ COX inhibitors

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Pair the active substances to the appropriate description

It is used in feline hyperthyroidism

The alternatives:
1. Levothyroxime
2. Methimazole
3. Fludrocortisone acetate
4. Insulin
5. Trilostane

→ Methimazole

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Pair the active substances to the appropriate description

It is used in hyperadrenocorticism

The alternatives:
1. Levothyroxime
2. Methimazole
3. Fludrocortisone acetate
4. Insulin
5. Trilostane

→ Trilostane

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Pair the active substances to the appropriate description

It is used in Addison’s disease

The alternatives:
1. Levothyroxime
2. Methimazole
3. Fludrocortisone acetate
4. Insulin
5. Trilostane

→ Fludrocortisone acetate

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Pair the active substances to the appropriate description

As side effects it may cause hypoglycaemia

The alternatives:
1. Levothyroxime
2. Methimazole
3. Fludrocortisone acetate
4. Insulin
5. Trilostane

→ Insulin

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Pair the active substances to the appropriate description

It is used in hypothyroidism

The alternatives:
1. Levothyroxime
2. Methimazole
3. Fludrocortisone acetate
4. Insulin
5. Trilostane

→ Levothyroxine

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Lidocaine causes pronounced Vasodilation A True B. False

B. False

Which AMEG category do the 3-4th generation cephalosporins fall into? A. "C" B. "D" C. "A" D. "B”

D. "B”

Pair the antimicrobial substances used in companion animals to their description Given also in canine Isospora canis infection The alternatives: 1. Doxycycline 2. sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim 3. Cefovecin 4. Amoxicillin clavulanic acid 5. Enrofloxacin

→ sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim

Pair the antimicrobial substances used in companion animals to their description Primary choice of drug in Borrelia burgdorferi infection The alternatives: 1. Doxycycline 2. sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim 3. Cefovecin 4. Amoxicillin clavulanic acid 5. Enrofloxacin

→ doxycycline

Pair the antimicrobial substances used in companion animals to their description Primary choice of drug in canine bacterial prostatitis The alternatives: 1. Doxycycline 2. sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim 3. Cefovecin 4. Amoxicillin clavulanic acid 5. Enrofloxacin

→ enrofloxacin

Pair the antimicrobial substances used in companion animals to their description The veterinary formulation of the substance is given PO, SC, IM for UTI and pyoderma cases. Covers anaerobic bacteria as well The alternatives: 1. Doxycycline 2. sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim 3. Cefovecin 4. Amoxicillin clavulanic acid 5. Enrofloxacin

→ amoxicillin clavulanic-acid

Pair the antimicrobial substances used in companion animals to their description Given SC for oral cavity infections with 10-14 days of duration of action The alternatives: 1. Doxycycline 2. sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim 3. Cefovecin 4. Amoxicillin clavulanic acid 5. Enrofloxacin

→ cefovecin

Side effect of doxorubicin treatment can be cardiotoxicity: A. True B. False

A. True

Which of the following side effects are typical of phenicols? A. Yellow discoloration of bones B. Explicit kidney damage C. Photosensitization D. Anaemia, immunosuppression

D. Anaemia, immunosuppression

Which statement is true about opioids? A. They exert their powerful analgesic effect through the mu receptors. B. They cause bradycardia as a side effect via the delta receptors. C. They cause obstipation as a side effect through kappa receptors via inhibition of the myenteric plexus D. A their antitussive effects are exerted through the kappa receptors.

A. They exert their powerful analgesic effect through the mu receptors.

Which drug would you use to treat anaplasmal infections in dogs? A. Neomycin B. Amoxicillin C. Doxicillin D. Bacitracin

C. Doxicillin

Pair the liquid dose forms with the descriptions of them its solute is only solid The alternatives: 1. Suspension 2. Emulsion 3. Solution

→ suspension

Pair the liquid dose forms with the descriptions of them heterogeneous disperse, its precipitate is solid The alternatives: 1. Suspension 2. Emulsion 3. Solution

→ suspension

Pair the liquid dose forms with the descriptions of them heterogeneous disperse, its precipitate is liquid The alternatives: 1. Suspension 2. Emulsion 3. Solution

→ emulsion

Pair the liquid dose forms with the descriptions of them its solute is only liquid The alternatives: 1. Suspension 2. Emulsion 3. Solution

→ emulsion

Pair the liquid dose forms with the descriptions of them homogeneous disperse, it has no precipitate The alternatives: 1. Suspension 2. Emulsion 3. Solution

→ solution

Pair the liquid dose forms with the descriptions of them its solute can be solid/liquid/gas The alternatives: 1. Suspension 2. Emulsion 3. Solution

→ solution

Which of the following aminoglycoside active substances is typically used as an eye drop? A. apramycin B. paromomycin C. spectinomycin D. tobramycin

D. tobramycin

Pair the active substance to the appropriate description Allosteric activator of GABA(A) The alternatives: 1. Detomidine 2. Midazolam 3. Xylazine 4. Azaperone 5. Atipamezole

→ Midazolam

Pair the active substance to the appropriate description Alpha-2-antagonist The alternatives: 1. Detomidine 2. Midazolam 3. Xylazine 4. Azaperone 5. Atipamezole

→ Atipamezole

Pair the active substance to the appropriate description This tranquilizer is not appropriate for oral use The alternatives: 1. Detomidine 2. Midazolam 3. Xylazine 4. Azaperone 5. Atipamezole

→ Azaperone

Pair the active substance to the appropriate description Potent alpha-2 agonist licensed also for equine use The alternatives: 1. Detomidine 2. Midazolam 3. Xylazine 4. Azaperone 5. Atipamezole

→ Detomidine

Pair the active substance to the appropriate description Alpha-2-agonist sedative and also a potent emetic agent in cats The alternatives: 1. Detomidine 2. Midazolam 3. Xylazine 4. Azaperone 5. Atipamezole

→ Xylazine

. What are the side effects of polymyxins? A. neurotoxicity via flaccid paralysis B. nephrotoxicity C. none of these D. Both

D. Both

Pair the active substances to their categories! clenbuterole The alternatives: 1. Methylxanthine derivatives 2. sympathomimetics 3. Leukotriene receptor antagonists 4. Chromones 5. Leukotriene synthesis inhibitor 6. Glucocorticoids 7. Parasympathomimetics

→ sympathomimetics

Pair the active substances to their categories! aminophylline The alternatives: 1. Methylxanthine derivatives 2. sympathomimetics 3. Leukotriene receptor antagonists 4. Chromones 5. Leukotriene synthesis inhibitor 6. Glucocorticoids 7. Parasympathomimetics

→ methylxanthine derivatives

Pair the active substances to their categories! zafirlukast The alternatives: 1. Methylxanthine derivatives 2. sympathomimetics 3. Leukotriene receptor antagonists 4. Chromones 5. Leukotriene synthesis inhibitor 6. Glucocorticoids 7. Parasympathomimetics

→ leukotriene receptor antagonists

Pair the active substances to their categories! beclomethasone The alternatives: 1. Methylxanthine derivatives 2. sympathomimetics 3. Leukotriene receptor antagonists 4. Chromones 5. Leukotriene synthesis inhibitor 6. Glucocorticoids 7. Parasympathomimetics

→ glucocorticoids

Pair the active substances to their categories! zileuton The alternatives: 1. Methylxanthine derivatives 2. sympathomimetics 3. Leukotriene receptor antagonists 4. Chromones 5. Leukotriene synthesis inhibitor 6. Glucocorticoids 7. Parasympathomimetics

→ leukotriene synthesis inhibitor

Pair the active substances to their categories! propentophylline The alternatives: 1. Methylxanthine derivatives 2. sympathomimetics 3. Leukotriene receptor antagonists 4. Chromones 5. Leukotriene synthesis inhibitor 6. Glucocorticoids 7. Parasympathomimetics

→ methylxanthine derivatives

Pair the active substances to their categories! nedocromil The alternatives: 1. Methylxanthine derivatives 2. sympathomimetics 3. Leukotriene receptor antagonists 4. Chromones 5. Leukotriene synthesis inhibitor 6. Glucocorticoids 7. Parasympathomimetics

→ chromones

Pair the active substances to their categories! ipratropium The alternatives: 1. Methylxanthine derivatives 2. sympathomimetics 3. Leukotriene receptor antagonists 4. Chromones 5. Leukotriene synthesis inhibitor 6. Glucocorticoids 7. Parasympatholytics

→ parasympatholytics

Pair the active substances to their categories! fluticasone The alternatives: 1. Methylxanthine derivatives 2. sympathomimetics 3. Leukotriene receptor antagonists 4. Chromones 5. Leukotriene synthesis inhibitor 6. Glucocorticoids 7. Parasympathomimetics

→ glucocorticoids

Pair the active substances to their categories! terbutaline The alternatives: 1. Methylxanthine derivatives 2. sympathomimetics 3. Leukotriene receptor antagonists 4. Chromones 5. Leukotriene synthesis inhibitor 6. Glucocorticoids 7. Parasympathomimetics

→ sympathomimetics

Cross-resistance between macrolides and pleuromutilins is possible: A. True B. False

A. True

In the case of ointments, it is not necessary to write "Externally" on the prescription, because it is never used internally: A. True B. False

B. False

Which statement is not true for tylosin? A. can be used in dogs to treat antibiotic responsive enteropathy B. its tablet form does not need to be coated C. macrolide antibiotic D. only extra label can be used in farm animals

D. only extra label can be used in farm animals

Powder for internal use can be direct administered in capsule. A. True B. False

A. True

In the treatment of BRDC, penicillins and cefalosporins can be active against both fastidious Gram-negative bacteria and mycoplasmae. A. True B. False

B. False

Pair each drug group with the corresponding bacteria according to potency penicillinase-stable penicillins

- Staphylococcus aureus - Streptococcus uberis

Pair each drug group with the corresponding bacteria according to potency narrow spectrum penicillins

- Bacillus - Clostridium - Streptococcus - Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae - P. multocida

Pair each drug group with the corresponding bacteria according to potency Anti-Pseudomonas penicillins

- Streptococcus, - Fusobacterium - Bacteroides - E. coli - Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Pair each drug group with the corresponding bacteria according to potency broad spectrum penicillins

- Bacillus - Clostridium, - Streptococcus - Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae - E. coli - Salmonella

Tetracycline antibiotics can be broken down into toxic anhydrotetracyclines A. True B. False

A. True

Clavulanic acid is a very stable compound, so intravenous preparations containing amoxicillin clavulanic acid can be used in their aqueous solution for 3-4 days A. True B. False

B. False

When sulfonamides are administered to domestic rabbits and poultry, vitamin K deficiency may occur, leading to bleeding A. True B. False

A. True

Powder for external use is suitable for wound healing with talc filler. A. True B. False

B. False

Amide type local anaesthetics are largely degraded by hepatic inactivation A. True B. False

A. True

Codeine and butorphanol are also used for cough suppression in dogs A. True B. False

A. True

Which of the following aminoglycoside agents has specific antiprotozoal activity? A. tobramycin B. amikacin C. gentamicin D. paromomycin

D. paromomycin

How can vancomycin be administered in each indication? A. both B. Clostridium-associated pseudomonal colitis per os C. none of these D. life-threatening MRSA-associated septicaemia IV

A. both

Absorption and distribution of fluconazole are excellent, it enters CNS A. True B. False

A. True

Opioids generally cause dysphoria in dogs and euphoria in cats A. True B. False

B. False

Clindamycin may be used in the therapy of gastrointestinal infections of pigs caused by Lawsonia intracellularis and Brachyspira hyodysenteriae A. True B. False

B. False

Amoxicillin can be used for the treatment of mastitis in cattle via intramammary infusion, because it's penetration through the blood- milk barrier is not enough when given parenterally A. True B. False

A. True

Pair the agents used against ectoparasites to their description. Animals must be served with drinking water prior to bathing with this antiparasitic agent to avoid intoxicosis The alternatives: 1. Permethrin 2. Propoxur 3. Diazinon 4. Amitraz 5. Flumethrin 6. Couamphos

→ diazinon

Pair the agents used against ectoparasites to their description. Reversible inhibitor of acetylcholin aesterase mostly used in companion animals The alternatives: 1. Permethrin 2. Propoxur 3. Diazinon 4. Amitraz 5. Flumethrin 6. Couamphos

→ propoxur

Pair the agents used against ectoparasites to their description. Less safe antiparasitic agent against scabies, demodicosis and ticks The alternatives: 1. Permethrin 2. Propoxur 3. Diazinon 4. Amitraz 5. Flumethrin 6. Couamphos

→ amitraz

Pair the agents used against ectoparasites to their description. As part of the "double defense" prevention for heart worm infestation used in dogs The alternatives: 1. Permethrin 2. Propoxur 3. Diazinon 4. Amitraz 5. Flumethrin 6. Couamphos

→ permethrin

Pair the agents used against ectoparasites to their description. Pirethroid used also in cats in antiparasitic collars The alternatives: 1. Permethrin 2. Propoxur 3. Diazinon 4. Amitraz 5. Flumethrin 6. Couamphos

→ flumethrin

Pair the agents used against ectoparasites to their description. Organophosphate e!ective agains varroosis in honey bees The alternatives: 1. Permethrin 2. Propoxur 3. Diazinon 4. Amitraz 5. Flumethrin 6. Couamphos

→ coumaphos

Pair the substances to the appropriate description. An antibacterial agent used both orally and parenterally in pigs, one of the main indications is enteritis caused by Escherichia coli The alternatives: 1. Procaine penicillin 2. Collistin 3. Gentamicin 4. Tiamulin 5. Phenoxymethyl-penicillin

→ Gentamicin

Pair the substances to the appropriate description. A drug of the AMEG B category with very low absorption from the gastrointestinal tract, most commonly indicated for enteritis caused by Escherichia coli The alternatives: 1. Procaine penicillin 2. Collistin 3. Gentamicin 4. Tiamulin 5. Phenoxymethyl-penicillin

→ Colistin

Pair the substances to the appropriate description. An antibacterial agent used orally only in pigs and poultry species, to which the bacterial species Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is almost always sensitive The alternatives: 1. Procaine penicillin 2. Collistin 3. Gentamicin 4. Tiamulin 5. Phenoxymethyl-penicillin

→ Phenoxymethyl-penicillin

Pair the substances to the appropriate description. An antibacterial agent with excellent pharmacokinetic properties used for the treatment of infectious diseases of pigs and poultry species caused by mycoplasmas. The alternatives: 1. Procaine penicillin 2. Collistin 3. Gentamicin 4. Tiamulin 5. Phenoxymethyl-penicillin

→ Tiamulin

Pair the substances to the appropriate description. Substance used parenterally in pigs only, Streptococcus suis is sensitive to this substance in almost all cases The alternatives: 1. Procaine penicillin 2. Collistin 3. Gentamicin 4. Tiamulin 5. Phenoxymethyl-penicillin

→ Procaine penicillin

Pair the active substances to their categories ipratropium The alternatives: 1. Enzyme reactivators 2. Parasymphatolytics 3. Parasympathomimetics

→ parasympatholytics

Pair the active substances to their categories pralidoxime The alternatives: 1. Enzyme reactivators 2. Parasymphatolytics 3. Parasympathomimetics

→ enzyme reactivators

Pair the active substances to their categories atropine The alternatives: 1. Enzyme reactivators 2. Parasymphatolytics 3. Parasympathomimetics

→ parasympatholytics

Pair the active substances to their categories neostigmine The alternatives: 1. Enzyme reactivators 2. Parasymphatolytics 3. Parasympathomimetics

→ parasympathomimetics

Pair the active substances to their categories glycopyrrolate The alternatives: 1. Enzyme reactivators 2. Parasymphatolytics 3. Parasympathomimetics

→ parasympatholytics

Pair the active substances to their categories pyridostigmine The alternatives: 1. Enzyme reactivators 2. Parasymphatolytics 3. Parasympathomimetics

→ parasympathomimetics

Pair the active substances to their categories tropicamide The alternatives: 1. Enzyme reactivators 2. Parasymphatolytics 3. Parasympathomimetics

→ parasympatholytics

Pair the active substances to their categories butyl-scopolamine The alternatives: 1. Enzyme reactivators 2. Parasymphatolytics 3. Parasympathomimetics

→ parasympatholytics

Pair the active substances to their categories pilocarpine The alternatives: 1. Enzyme reactivators 2. Parasymphatolytics 3. Parasympathomimetics

→ parasympathomimetics

Pair the active substances to their categories betanechol The alternatives: 1. Enzyme reactivators 2. Parasymphatolytics 3. Parasympathomimetics

→ parasympathomimetics