4. Relationships Flashcards
(32 cards)
What is our need for affiliation?
Humans need to form positive and long-lasting relationships as a lack of social contact can have long-term consequences
What did You & Malley-Morrison find about culture differences in friendships?
Caucasian Americans reported more intimate friendships and higher expectations than korean Americans
What are Berscheid & Reid (1998) find are three variables assocaited with loneliness?
Dispositional factors (personality)
Social circumstances (how much time you spend)
Social cognitive tendencies (how much you think about other people)
Why is proximity important in friendships?
Allows familiarity, availability and expectation of continued interaction
What is assortative mating?
We want to spend time with people who are more like us, we become more similar to these people over time
What is reciprocity?
We like those who like us and disliked those who don’t
How does self-esteem have an impact on reciprocity?
They are less likely to be affected by rejection
What is the gain loss hypothesis in friendships?
We like those who initially dislike us but then start to like us and we dislike those who intially like us, who then become cold and distant
What are the three types of disclosures?
Premature, dishonest and factual
What did Laurenceau, Barret and Rovine (2005) find about romantic disclosures?
Self-disclosure predicts partner responsiveness which predicts stronger feelings of closeness
What did Kudo and SImkin find were the most important factors in friendship development?
Frequent contact, similarity and self-disclosure
How are attractive people often viewed?
They are rated more positively
What did Bleske-Rechek and LIghthall (2010) find about friends attractiveness?
They tend to be of a similar attractiveness
What did Yamaguchi et al (2015) find about commitment in relationships?
Friendship and relationship commitments are similar
Costly commitments are more effective
Failing to display these is more detrimental to romantic relationships than friendships
What did Reissman, Aron & Bergen (1993) find about the importance of shared activites?
They lead to additional opportunities to understand each other and disclosures, increasing relationship satisfaction
What is the Broaden and Build theory in relationships?
It describes how we experience and express positive emotions
- Expanding how we attend and respond to events
-Builds resources to maintaining well-being
What is the intimacy process model?
A framework for understanding daily exchanges and their impact on intimacy
What is Felmless Fatal Attraction Phenomenon?
Qualities that are initially attractive in a partner become the same ones that end the relationship
What did McFarland and Ross (1987) find about a memory bias in relationships?
Memories of the past are distorted by current feelings and this allows us to forget memories that may threaten the relationship
What did Kelmer (2013) find about long-distance relationships?
Higher levels of commitment, relationship quality, dedication and trust
How did covid have an impact on relationship satisfaction?
Increased numbers of filing for divorce, 34% or relationships report conflict, married people experiences decline in well-being
What are some factors that impacted increased relationship dissatisfaction due to Covid-19?
Stressors
Increased time together or apart
Pre-existing issues
Compromised coping strategies and lack of access to social support
What are some potential causes for relationship dissolution?
A desire for freedom, love not reciprocated, sexual dissatisfaction, external challenges
What are Levinger (1980) 4 factors that indicate the end of a relationship?
- new life is the only solution
- alternative partners are available
- there is an expectation the relationship will fail
- lack of commitment in current relationship
