Hormones/Drugs

Question 1

Glucagon

Answer 1

Stimulates glycogenolysis

Question 2

GABA

Answer 2

Primary inhibitor neurotransmitter

Question 3

Dopamine (3), and where it comes from?

Answer 3

Reward, learning, and attention. Adrenal medulla

Question 4

Serotonin (4)

Answer 4

Mood, appetite, social behavior, and memory

Question 5

Hypocritin (aka orexin)

Answer 5

In the CNS to control sleep and arousal

Question 6

Opiates

Answer 6

Used to treat pain and anxiety by acting at your body’s receptor sites for endorphins

Question 7

Endorphins

Answer 7

The body’s natural pain reducers

Question 8

Caffeine (2)

Answer 8

1. Increase energy

2. Disrupt sleep for several hours

Question 9

Nicotine (4)

Answer 9

1. Increase heart rate
2. Arouses brain to heightened alertness
3. Decrease appetite
4. At high levels will cause muscles to relax and release neurotransmitters that reduce stress

Question 10

Cocaine

Answer 10

Releases dopamine, serotonin, and noepinephrine

Question 11

Meth

Answer 11

Releases dopamine for a long period of time (8 hours)

Question 12

Ecstasy

Answer 12

Synthetic. Between stimulant and hallucinogen. Increases dopamine, serotonin; stimulates CNS; Increased BP, dehydration, and overheating. Can damage the neurons that produce serotonin. Creates artificial feelings of social connectedness and intimacy. Seeing things that are not really there.

Question 13

LSD

Answer 13

Interferes with serotonin transmission so you see things rather than hear things that aren’t there

Question 14

Marijuana

Answer 14

Main active chemical is THC which heightens sensitivity to colors, sounds, tastes, and smells. Decrease inhibition like with alcohol. Disrupts memory formation and short term recall. THC stays in the body for a week. Can reduce pain and nausea.

Question 15

Prolactin

Answer 15

Stimulation of milk production

Question 16

Thymosin

Answer 16

T-cell growth and development

Question 17

Somatostatin

Answer 17

Inhibition of growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon

Question 18

Glucocorticoids

Answer 18

Associated with stress

Question 19

Grehlin

Answer 19

“hunger hormone” increase in appetite

Question 20

Estradiol

Answer 20

Produced from the follicle in the ovary

Question 21

Prolactin

Answer 21

Released by the anterior pituitary. Related to sexual gratification and is associated with relieving sexual arousal after an orgasm.

Question 22

Luteinizing Hormone

Answer 22

Released by the anterior pituitary. An increase in LH triggers ovulation.

Question 23

Follicle-stimulating hormone

Answer 23

Released by the anterior pituitary. FSH promotes growth of a follicle in the ovary.

Question 24

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

Answer 24

Limits meal size by sensing the distention of the duodenum

Question 25

Estrogen

Answer 25

Major role in fluid balance and could be linked to bloating and water retention during the menstrual cycle.

Question 26

Endorphins

Answer 26

Produce feelings of euphoria, and are released post-orgasm

Question 27

Oxytocin

Answer 27

Released after an orgasm to facilitate bonds and feelings of connectedness between sexual partners

Question 28

Cortisol

Answer 28

Help to wake a person up after sleep but does not monitor circadian rhythm

Question 29

Melatonin

Answer 29

Monitors circadian rhythm in diurnal animals

Question 30

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer 30

Same thing as Vasopressin. Produced by the posterior pituitary. Increases water retention.

Question 31

Norepinephrine

Answer 31

A neurotransmitter released by adrenal glands. Its hypofunctioning can lead to depression.

Question 32

Parathyroid hormone

Answer 32

Increases activity of osteoclasts, which increases serum calcium