BIOLOGY CH 4

Question 1

Hydrolase

Answer 1

Hydrolyzes chemical bonds (includes ATPases, proteases, and others)

Question 2

Hydrolyzes chemical bonds (includes ATPases, proteases, and others)

Answer 2

Hydrolase

Question 3

Isomerase

Answer 3

Rearranges bonds within a molecule to form an isomer

Question 4

Rearranges bonds within a molecule to form an isomer

Answer 4

Isomerase

Question 5

Ligase

Answer 5

Forms a chemical bond (e.g., DNA ligase)

Question 6

Forms a chemical bond (e.g., DNA ligase)

Answer 6

Ligase

Question 7

Lyase

Answer 7

Breaks chemical bonds by means other than oxidation or hydrolysis (e.g., pyruvate decarboxylase)

Question 8

Breaks chemical bonds by means other than oxidation or hydrolysis (e.g., pyruvate decarboxylase)

Answer 8

Lyase

Question 9

Kinase

Answer 9

Transfers a phosphate group to a molecule from a high energy carrier, such as ATP (e.g., phosphofructokinase (PFK))

Question 10

Transfers a phosphate group to a molecule from a high energy carrier, such as ATP (e.g., phosphofructokinase (PFK))

Answer 10

Kinase

Question 11

Oxidoreductase

Answer 11

Runs redox reactions (includes oxidases, reductases, dehydrogenases, and others)

Question 12

Runs redox reactions (includes oxidases, reductases, dehydrogenases, and others)

Answer 12

Oxidoreductase

Question 13

Polymerase

Answer 13

Polymerizations (e.g., addition of nucleotides to the leading strand of DNA by DNA polymerase III)

Question 14

Polymerizations (e.g., addition of nucleotides to the leading strand of DNA by DNA polymerase III)

Answer 14

Polymerase

Question 15

Phosphatase

Answer 15

Removes a phosphate group from a molecule

Question 16

Removes a phosphate group from a molecule

Answer 16

Phosphatase

Question 17

Phosphorylase

Answer 17

Transfers a phosphate group to a molecule from inorganic phosphate (e.g., glycogen phosphorylase)

Question 18

Transfers a phosphate group to a molecule from inorganic phosphate (e.g., glycogen phosphorylase)

Answer 18

Phosphorylase

Question 19

Protease

Answer 19

Hydrolyzes peptide bonds (e.g., trypsin, chymotrypsin, pepsin, etc.)

Question 20

Hydrolyzes peptide bonds (e.g., trypsin, chymotrypsin, pepsin, etc.)

Answer 20

Protease

Question 21

What is a prosthetic group?

Answer 21

A non-protein molecule covalently bound to an enzyme as part of the enzyme’s active site.

Question 22

________: A non-protein molecule covalently bound to an enzyme as part of the enzyme’s active site.

Answer 22

Prosthetic group

Question 23

The PDC contains a __________ prosthetic group at one of its active sites.

Answer 23

Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)

Question 24

What the hell does thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) do for cellular respiration?

Answer 24

It exists in the active sites of enzymes responsible for oxidative decarboxylation during the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) and Krebs cycle