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Anatomy > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of Integumentary System

A 
Protection
Sensation
Production of Vitamin D
Temperature Regulation
Excretion
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2
Q

Two major tissue layers of Sking

A

Epidermis

Dermis

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3
Q

type of tissues in Epidermis

A

squamous epithelium

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4
Q

Layers

A 
Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum corneum
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5
Q

other name of Stratum basale

A

Stratum germinativum

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6
Q

duration of cell division in Stratum basale

A

19 days

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7
Q

description of Stratum spinosum

A

8-10 layers of many-sided keratinocytes

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8
Q

description of Stratum granulosum

A

3-5 layers flat keratinocytes

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9
Q

description of Stratum lucidum

A

3-5 layers hairless keratinocytes

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10
Q

description of Stratum corneum

A

20-30 layers dead keratinocytes

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11
Q

Principal Types of Cells in Epidermis

A

Keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Langerhans
Merkel Cells

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12
Q

programmed cell death

A

Apoptosis

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13
Q

Where does Apoptosis occur

A

Stratum granulosum

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14
Q

duration of journey from stratum basale to corneum

A

40-56 days

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15
Q

Keratinocytes account to ____% of Epidermis

A

90

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16
Q

Two major Parts of Keratinocytes

A

Keratin and Lamellar Granules

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17
Q

Function of Lamellar Granules

A

h20 Repellant and Sealant

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18
Q

Lipid-Rich Granules

A

Lamellar Granules

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19
Q

Melanocytes account to ____% of the Epidermis

A

8

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20
Q

Functions of Melanocytes

A

skin color, protection

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21
Q

Langerhans function

A

immune responses

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22
Q

formed by red bone marrow, migrates to blood vessels then to epidermis

A

Langerhans

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23
Q

Function of Merkel cells

A

contact with tactile disc of sensory neuron; sensation

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24
Q

type of tissue in Dermis

A

dense connective tissue

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25
Q

nerves, hair follicles, smooth muscles, glands and lymphatic vessels extend into the dermis from the hypodermis

A

dermis

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26
Q

2 layers of dermis

A

Papillary layer

Reticular layer

27
Q

activated Vitamin D

A

Calcitriol

28
Q

function of Calcitriol

A

to facilitate the absorption of calcium in small intestine

29
Q

deficiency of calcium of bones

A

osetomalacia

30
Q

deficiency of calcium of bones in children

A

rickets

31
Q

upper dermal region

A

papillary layer

32
Q

fingerlike projections from the upper part of the dermis which extend toward the epidermis

A

dermal papillae

33
Q

deepest skin layer

A

reticular layer

34
Q

contains blood vessels, sweat and oil glands and deep pressure receptors

A

reticular layer

35
Q

type of muscle in Arrector Pili

A

smooth

36
Q

contraction causes the hair to stand up

A

Arrector Pili muscle

37
Q

Sebaceous glands are found all over the skin except:

A

soles and palms

38
Q

function of sebum

A

lubricate hair and skin surface

39
Q

Other name of sweat glands

A

sudoriferous glands

40
Q

2 types of Sweat glands

A

eccrine/merocrine

apocrine

41
Q

almost ever part of skin especially palms and soles

produce sweat

A

eccrine

42
Q

other name of eccrine

A

merocrine

43
Q

clear secretion mostly water with a few salts

A

sweat

44
Q

produce a thick secretion rich in organic substances

A

apocrine glands

45
Q

apocrine glands are open to

A

hair follicles only in axillae and genitalia

46
Q

cutaneous glands are influenced by

A

hormones

47
Q

skin appendages

A

cutaneous glands,hair, nails

48
Q

nails consist of

A

layers of dead stratum corneum with hard keratin

49
Q

visible part of nail

A

nail body

50
Q

acts as a protective shield, shielding the delicate tissues of the underlying nailbed

A

nail plate

51
Q

found under the nail

A

nail bed

52
Q

part of the nail covered by skin

A

nail root

53
Q

stratum corneum that extends into the nail body; protects matrix

A

cuticle or eponychium

54
Q

from which the nail root extends distally, responsible for nail growth

A

nail matrix

55
Q

whitish, crescent-shaped area at the base of the nail

A

lunula

56
Q

produced by a hair follicle

A

hair

57
Q

sac-like structure in the skin that surrounds the hair root

A

hair follicle

58
Q

stratum basale epithelial cells that divide to form hair

A

hair bulb matrix

59
Q

part of the hair enclosed in the hair follicle

A

hair root

60
Q

part of the hair projecting from the scalp or skin

A

hair shaft

61
Q

three layers of the shaft

A

medulla
cortex
cuticle

62
Q

central core of a hair

A

medulla

63
Q

surrounds the medulla

A

cortex

64
Q

outermost layer of cells that surrounds the cortex

A

cuticle

Anatomy (19 decks)

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