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Immunosero Lec (Midterm) > 4.1 Autoimmune diseases > Flashcards

4.1 Autoimmune diseases Flashcards

1
Q

These are diseases in which the immune response is targeted towards self-antigens and result in damage to organs and tissues to the body.

A

Autoimmune diseases

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2
Q

Autoimmune diseases are caused by B cells mediated immune response or auto-antibodies

T or F

A

F

T cell

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3
Q

Cure or no cure?

A

No cure

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4
Q

Type of self tolerance that

Occurs in primary lymphoid organs

T cell Test development such as negative selection, Self reactive CD4+

B cells test is included (Seld reactive B cells) for receptor editing

A

Central tolerance

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5
Q

Type of self tolerance that

Result from anerhy due to absence of co-stimulatory signals from APCs

Inhibition of T regulatory cells

Death apoptosis

Secondary lymphoid organ (or body)

A

Peripheral tolerance

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6
Q

Development of specific state of unresponseveness to a specific antigen among weakly slf-reactive B cells

A

Anergy

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7
Q

Theories in AID Initiation:

Altered or changed lymphocyte clone arise as a result of mutation

A

Forbidden clone theory

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8
Q

Theories in AID Initiation:

Self antigens that were changed by physical, chemical, or biological means resulting in a new foreign antigen

A

Altered antigen theory

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9
Q

Theories in AID Initiation:

Exposed “hidden” antigens as a result of trauma or infection

A

Sequestered antigen theory

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10
Q

Theories in AID Initiation:

Loss of deficency of immune regulation

A

Immunologic deficiency theory

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11
Q

Theories in AID Initiation:

froeign antigens having similar epitopes with a self antigens

A

Cross-reactive antigen theory

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12
Q

Generalized disorder of unknown origin that manifest as vasculitis

A

Systemic lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

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13
Q

SLE is associated with HLA-A2, HLA-B8, HLA-DR1

T or F

A

F

HLA-A1, HLA-B8, HLA-DR3

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14
Q

Autoantibody that is not specific for SLE and attacks nuclear antigens?

A

Anti-nuclear antibody(ANA)

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15
Q

What autoantibody (ANA) is specific for SLE?

A

Anti-dsDNA

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16
Q

Butterfly rash is a commonsymptoms for what disease?

A

SLE

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17
Q

Most common cause of mortality in SLE

A

Nephritis

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18
Q

SLE primarily affects Men and has strong hereditary tendency

T or F

A

F

Women

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19
Q

SLE is deadly and not the complications

T or F

A

F

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20
Q

An indirect test that is most widely used and accepted due to its high sensitivity and ability to detect different autoantibodies

A

Fluorescent ANA testing

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21
Q

Patten of Fluorescent ANA test:

Unifroma stainign of the entire nucleus that detects:

dsDNA, histones, and DNP

A

Homogenous/Diffuse

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22
Q

Patten of Fluorescent ANA test:

Greater staining intensity around the outer circle surrounding the nucleus; highly specific for SLE

dsDNA

A

Peripheral/Rim/Outline

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23
Q

Patten of Fluorescent ANA test:

Discrete fluorescent specks throughout the nuclei; no staining on the nucleolus and chromatin region

ENA autoantibodies

A

Speckled

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24
Q

Patten of Fluorescent ANA test:

Prominent staining of the nucleoli within the nucleus

RNA and RNP autoantibodies

A

Nucleolus

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25
Q

Patten of Fluorescent ANA test:

Discrete speckles in the nuclei and chromatin of dividing cells

Centromere

A

Centromere

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26
Q

EIA/ChLIA, microsphere multiplex immunoassay, and Ouchterlony double diffusion can be used to diagnose for ANA

T or F

A

T

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27
Q

Immunofluoresce using S. aureus can be used to diagnose ANA

T or F

A

F

Crithidia luciliae

28
Q

Chronic inflammatory disease affecting joints and particular tissues of unknown origin

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

29
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis can affect heart, lungs and blood vessels

T or F

A

T

30
Q

In rheumatoid arthritis, IgM reacting to the Fc portion of your IgG. Once IgM reacts with IgG, this immune complex will be deposited into your joints

T or F

A

T

31
Q

In RA, Inflammatory changes may lead to loss of function and/or permanent deformity

T or F

A

T

32
Q

atypical amino acid from modification of arginine via peptidyl agrinine deiminase

A

Citruline

33
Q

Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide can be found granulocytes, monocytes, macrophages?

T or F

A

T

34
Q

Associated of this disease includes:
1. Wegener’s granulomatosis / granulomatosis with polyangiitis,
2. Microscopic polyangiitis
3. Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis

A

Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies

35
Q

formerly known as Churg-Strauss Syndrome

A

Eosinophili granulomatosis with polyangiitis

36
Q

What are the patterns for anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies?

A

c-ANCA (Cytoplasmic) and p-ANCA (Perinuclear)

37
Q

Caused by diffuse granula staining in neutrophil cytoplasm

A

Cytoplasmic

38
Q

Caused by antibodies against positively charged antigens?

A

Perinuclear

39
Q

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia:

IgG mediated

Idiopathic

A

Warm AIHA

40
Q

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia:

IgM mediated

Primary atypical pneumonia

A

Cold AIHA

41
Q

Autoimune hemolytic anemia mediated by a potent cold hemolysin

A

Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria

42
Q

PCH is directed against P antigen

T or F

A

T

43
Q

PCH was demonstrated from what test?

A

Donath-Landsteiner test

44
Q

in PCH, Biphasic antibody that sensitizes RBCs at ___ and causes hemolysis at ___?

A

4C

37C

45
Q

Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis that is characterized by intense proliferation of thyroid stroma and follicles by lymphocytes and plasma cells

Produces hypothyroidism

A

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

46
Q

What are the autoantibodies causes Hashimoto’s thyroiditis?

A

Anti-thyroglobulin

Anti-thyroid peroxidase

47
Q

Results in the development of germinal centers that almost
completely replace normal glandular architecture and
progressively destroys the gland

A

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

48
Q

Diffuse toxic goiter with immunologic origin

Produce hyperthyroidism

A

Grave’s disease

49
Q

Grave’s disease is caused by?

A

TSH receptor antibodies (TRAbs)

50
Q

Treatment for Grave’s disease is by surgery and radioactive iodine

T or F

A

T

51
Q

Insulin-depenent DM or juvenile onset DM that is caused by Cell-mediated autoimmune destruction of beta cells of the pancreas causing absolute insulinopenia.

A

Type I deiabetes Mellitus

52
Q

ICA512
IAA
GAD65
Tyrosine phosphatase IA-2b

This are autoantibodies of Type 1 DM?

T or F

A

T

53
Q

Autoimmune disease that is associated with HLA-DQ2 and DQ8?

A

Celiac Disease

54
Q

Autoimmune that is associated with gluten that can affect small intestine and other organs

A

Celicac disease

55
Q

Formely known as chronic active hepatitis that is associated with HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1

A

Autoimmune hepatitis

56
Q

Anti-smooth muscle
Anti-liver kidney microsomal
Anti-liver cytosol type 1
Anti-mitochondrial

are antibodies of primary biliary cirrhosis

T or F

A

F

Autoimmune hepatitis

57
Q

Most common autoimmune liver disease involves progressive destruction of intrahepatic bile duct

Asscoiated with HLA-DRB1, DQA1, DPB1, DQB1

A

Primary biliary cirrhosis

58
Q

Anti-mitochondrial is the only autoantibody for primary biliary cirrhosis?

T or F

A

T

59
Q

A neuromuscular disorder characterized by muscle
weakness, fatigue, and the presence of anti-acetylcholine receptor autoantibodies (Anti-AChR)

A

Myasthenia Gravis

60
Q

A relatively common demyelinating disease involving the white matter of the brain and spinal cord of unknown caused

T cell-mediated autoimmune disease

A

Multiple sclerosis

61
Q

Characterized by abnormal synthesis of IgG in the CNS

A

Multiple sclerosis

62
Q

Autoantibody against glomerular, renal tubular, and alveolar basement membranes, leading to glomerular injury and rapidly progress to renal failure and pulmonary hemorrhage.

A

Goodpasture’s syndrome

63
Q

Goodpasteur’s syndrome Specifically reacts with collagen in the glomerular and alveolar basement membrane

T or F

A

T

64
Q

Goodpasture’s syndrome is linked to HLA-DRB1-15

T or F

A

T

65
Q

Signs and symptoms of goodpasture’s syndrome:

Glomerular

Pulmonary

T or F

A

T

Immunosero Lec (Midterm) (10 decks)

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