4.2

Question 1

What strikes our eyes is not color….

Answer 1

But pulses of electromagnetic energy that our visual system perceives as color

Question 2

Wavelength

Answer 2

The distance from the peak of one light or sound wave to the peak of the next. Electromagnetic wavelengths vary from the short blips of cosmic rays to the long pulses of radio transmission

Question 3

Hue

Answer 3

The dimension of color that is determined by the wavelength of light; what we know as the color names, blue, green, and so forth

Question 4

Intensity

Answer 4

The amount of energy in a light or sound wave, which we perceive as brightness or loudness, as determined by the wave’s amplitude

Question 5

Cornea

Answer 5

Protects the eye and bends light to provide focus

Question 6

Pupil

Answer 6

The adjustable opening in the center of the eye through which light enters

Question 7

Iris

Answer 7

A ring of muscle tissue that forms the colored portion of the eye around the pupil and controls the size of the pupil opening

Question 8

Lens

Answer 8

The transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images on the retina

Question 9

Retina

Answer 9

The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye, containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information

Question 10

Accommodation

Answer 10

The process by which the eye’s lens change shape to focus near or far objects on the retina

Question 11

The retina doesn’t….

Answer 11

“See” a whole image

Question 12

Rods

Answer 12

Retinal receptors that vets the black, white, and gray; necessary for peripheral and twilight vision, when comes don’t respond

Question 13

Cones

Answer 13

Retinal receptor cells that are concentrated near the center of the retina and that function in daylight or in well-lit conditions. The cones detect fine detail and give rise to color sensations

Question 14

Optic nerve

Answer 14

The nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain

Question 15

Blind spot

Answer 15

The point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye creating a “blind” apt because no receptor cells are located there

Question 16

Fovea

Answer 16

The central vocal pony in the retina, around which the eye cones cluster

Question 17

Bipolar cells help….

Answer 17

Relay the cone’s individual message to the visual cortex

Question 18

Cones enable you to…

Answer 18

See color

Question 19

Rods enable….

Answer 19

Black and which vision

Question 20

You eye responds to pressure as….

Answer 20

Light

Question 21

Feature detectors

Answer 21

Nerve cells in the brain that respond to specific features of the stimulus, such as shape, angle, or movement

Question 22

Parallel processing

Answer 22

The processing of many aspects of a problem simultaneously; the brain’s natural mode of information processing for many functions, including vision. Contrasts with the step by step processing of most computers and conscious problem solving

Question 23

Blightsight

Answer 23

A localized area of blindness in their field of vision

Question 24

Young-helmholtz trichromatic (three-color) theory

Answer 24

The theory that the retina contains three different color receptors- one most sensitive to red, one to green, one to blue-which, when stimulated on combination, can produce the perfection of any color

Question 25

Opponent-process theory

Answer 25

The theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green, yellow- blue, white-black) enable color vision. For example some cells are stimulated by green and inhibited by red and vice versa

Question 26

Transduction

Answer 26

Conversion from one form of energy into another. In sensation, the transforming of stimulus energies, such as sights, sounds, and smells, into neural impulses our brain can