4.6.2 - Structure and Bonding Flashcards
(30 cards)
What are the 3 types of bonding?
Ionic, Covalent and Metallic
What bond exists between metal and non-metal elements?
Ionic Bonding
What bond exists between non-metal elements?
Covalent Bonding
What bond exists between metal elements?
Metallic Bonding
What is an Ion?
A charged atom which has either lost or gained an electron.
How are positive ions formed?
Losing an electron
What creates a positive electron?
A metal
How are negative ions formed?
Gain an electron
What creates a negative ion?
A non-metal
Name an example of an ionic compound.
Potassium Chloride (NaCl)
Describe the structure of an ionic compound.
Giant ionic lattices
Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?
A large amount of energy is needed to break bonds.
Why do ionic compounds not conduct electricity?
Electrons cannot move as they are extremely attracted to each other.
In what circumstance do ionic compounds conduct electricity?
When molten or dissolved
What is the attraction between oppositely charged ions called?
Electrostatic Attraction
What are the 3 types of covalent substances?
Simple covalent, Giant covalent and Polymer
Why do simple covalent compounds have low melting and boiling points?
Weak intermolecular forces
Why are simple covalent compounds liquid or gas at room temperature?
Due to low melting and boiling points
Why do simple covalent compounds not conduct electricity?
No free ions or electrons to move around
Why do giant covalent compounds have high melting and boiling points?
Strong intramolecular forces
Why are giant covalent compounds solid at room temperature?
Due to high melting and boiling points
Why do giant covalent compounds not conduct electricity?
No free electrons to move around (except graphite)
Give 3 examples of simple covalent compounds.
H2O, CO2, NH4
Give 3 examples of giant covalent compounds.
Diamond, Graphite, Silica
