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From Flashcardlet > ANATOMY EXAM > Flashcards

ANATOMY EXAM Flashcards

0
Q

Your arms and legs are part of what portion of your body

A

Appendicular region

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1
Q

An investigator who conducts an experiment to determine how the rate at which the heart beats is affected by temperature changes is most likely to be a

A

Physiologist

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2
Q

When the body is placed in the anatomical position, what is not true

A

The palms face backwards

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3
Q

A mechanism functioning to maintain a stable internal environment is most likely to involve

A

Negative feedback

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4
Q

Metabolism is defined as the

A

Chemical reactions occurring in an organism

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5
Q

Homeostatic mechanisms are said to act by negative feedback because changes away from the normal state

A

Stimulate changes to occur in the opposite direction

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6
Q

This cavity contains the brain and spinal cord

A

Cranial cavity

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7
Q

Another term for organs within the abdominopelvic and thoracic cavities are

A

Viscera

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8
Q

What is not a requirement for life

A

Gravity

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9
Q

Which plane divides a person into anterior and posterior sections

A

Coronal

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10
Q

What are the four major organic macromolecules found in humans

A

Carbs, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

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11
Q

3 types of lipids

A

Fats, steroids, phospholipids

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12
Q

What two chemical units comprise an amino acid

A

NH2 and COOH

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13
Q

The atomic number of an element is determined by the number of

A

Protons

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14
Q

Water is formed by molecules of hydrogen and oxygen United by a

A

Polar bond

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15
Q

What type of reaction is NaOH –> Na+OH

A

Decomposition

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16
Q

What type of reaction is H+CI —> HCI

A

Synthesis

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17
Q

Is H2O inorganic or organic

A

Inorganic

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18
Q

Glucose is inorganic or organic

A

Organic

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19
Q

CH4 is inorganic or organic

A

Organic

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20
Q

Na is inorganic or organic

A

Inorganic

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21
Q

DNA is inorganic or organic

A

Organic

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22
Q

Mg is inorganic or organic

A

Inorganic

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23
Q

What determines the function of proteins

A

The structure of it

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24
Q

How many electrons are in the second shell of a stable atom

A

8

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25
Q

Usually speeds up chemical reaction

A

Catalysts

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26
Q

Vesicles are formed by an action of the

A

Cell membrane

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27
Q

The movement of molecules through a membrane by filtration depends upon the presence of

A

Hydrostatic pressure

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28
Q

Which process involves the use of specific carrier molecules

A

Active transport

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29
Q

Because of mitosis and cytoplasmic division, the resulting cells contain

A

Both identical chromosomes and identical DNA info

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30
Q

The two major components of the cell membrane are

A

Lipids and proteins

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31
Q

The cell membrane functions to

A

Maintain the wholeness of the cell, control the entry and exit of various substances, provide a barrier to water soluble substances

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32
Q

Describe the structural arrangement of the cell membrane

A

A bilayer of phospholipid molecules in which protein molecules are imbedded

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33
Q

Describe a lysosome

A

A tiny, membranous sac that contains powerful enzymes responsible for the destruction of worn cell parts and foreign material

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34
Q

The nucleolus of the cell contains

A

RNA and protein

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35
Q

A selectively permeable membrane is defined as one that

A

Allows some substances to pass through and excludes others

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36
Q

Osmosis is the

A

Movement of water molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration through a selectively permeable membrane

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37
Q

The function of the nucleus is

A

Direct activities of the cell

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38
Q

The structure of the nucleus is

A

Enclosed in a nuclear envelope

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39
Q

Organelles with proper structure and function

A

Vesicles-membranous sacs, contain various substances that recently entered cell
Micro filaments- tiny rods of protein, cause cellular movement
Micro tubules- slender tubes of globular protein, form internal skeleton of cell

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40
Q

Pinocytosis involves_____ and phagocytosis involves ____

A

Cell membrane engulfing liquid droplets

Cell membrane engulfing solid particles

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41
Q

What is not one of the four basic body tissues

A

Brain tissue

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42
Q

A basement membrane occurs between

A

Epithelial and connective tissue

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43
Q

Epithelial tissue functions in

A

Secretion, absorption, protection

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44
Q

The tissue through which gases are exchanged between the blood and the air in the lungs is

A

Simple squamous epithelium

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45
Q

The tissue that forms the inner lining of the respiratory system is

A

Pseudo stratified, ciliated, mucus secreting

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46
Q

Tendons and ligaments are composed primarily of

A

Fibrous connective tissue

47
Q

Cartilage tissues are likely to be slow in healing following an injury because

A

They lack direct blood supply

48
Q

Bone cells are arranged in concentric circles around longitudinal tubes called

A

Osteons

49
Q

Cellular fragments are

A

Blood platelets

50
Q

The muscle tissue that can be consciously controlled is

A

Skeletal

51
Q

Cardiac muscle is not found in

A

Stomach, intestine, bladder

52
Q

Smooth muscle is found in the wall of the

A

Stomach and intestine

53
Q

The type of epithelium that lines the bladder and many of the urinary passages is

A

Transitional

54
Q

The type of muscle found in blood vessels is

A

Smooth

55
Q

A carcinoma is a cancer originating from

A

Epithelium

56
Q

Collagen is a major component of

A

Bone, ligament, and tendon

57
Q

Permanent wrinkling of the skin is usually due to changes caused by excessive exposure to

A

Sunlight

58
Q

Adipose tissue is a specialized form of

A

Loose connective tissue

59
Q

What is not a trait for distinguishing tissue types

A

Number of mitochondria

60
Q

The type of epithelium that secretes their products into ducts that open onto the surfaces like skin is

A

Glandular epithelium

61
Q

The nerve fibers scattered throughout the dermis are associated with

A

Muscles, glands, and sensory receptors

62
Q

Membranes lining body cavities that lack openings to the outside are called

A

Serous membranes

63
Q

What is not correct concerning the skin

A

The subcutaneous layer is between the dermis and epidermis

64
Q

Eccrine sweat glands respond to what

A

Primarily to elevated body temperature

65
Q

Exposure to ultraviolet light causes the skin to darken by stimulating the production of

A

Melanin

66
Q

Sweat functions to cool the body by

A

Evaporation

67
Q

Shafts of hair are composed of

A

Dead epidermal cells

68
Q

Eccrine sweat glands differ from sebaceous glands how?

A

What is secreted, location in body, sweat glands aren’t associated with hair follicles

69
Q

What determines skin color

A

Amount of melanin produced my melanocytes

70
Q

The subcutaneous layer consists of

A

Loose connective tissue and adipose tissue

71
Q

Epidermal cells are supplied with nutrients from blood vessels located in the

A

Dermis

72
Q

Cutaneous carcinomas are mostly caused by exposure to what

A

Ultraviolet light

73
Q

What are characteristics for a person likely to develop cutaneous carcinoma

A

Over 40, often outdoors, fair skin

74
Q

Skin cells play an important role in the production of

A

Vitamin D

75
Q

Acne is a disorder involving the

A

Sebaceous glands

76
Q

A membrane is an organ because

A

It is composed of two or more kinds of tissue

77
Q

The functions of skin include

A

Regulating body temperature

78
Q

Inflammation involves what changes to the skin

A

Redden appearance, swollen and painful, warm temperature

79
Q

A hair is distinguished from a hair follicle by

A

Hair follicle is living cells and hair is dead cells

80
Q

Exposure to ultraviolet radiation greatly increases the risk of developing

A

Skin cancer

81
Q

What is not a step in the forming of a endochondral bone

A

Hyaline cartilage changes to adipose tissue

82
Q

The hard palate is composed of the

A

Maxillary and palatine bones

83
Q

The atlas is one of the

A

Cervical vertebrae

84
Q

The bones of the wrist and ankles are classified as

A

Short bones

85
Q

What is an example of an intramembranous bone

A

Parietal bone

86
Q

The presence of an epiphyseal disk indicates what

A

Bone length increasing

87
Q

At what age are all bones ossified

A

25

88
Q

Ribs that join the sternum directly by costal cartilage are

A

True ribs

89
Q

It is possible to determine if a child’s long bone is growing by X-raying what

A

Epiphyseal disk

90
Q

A compound fracture is

A

When the broken bone is exposed to the outside

91
Q

A cleft palate results from incomplete development of what

A

Palatine bones

92
Q

Compact bone is characterized by ____ and spongy bone is characterized by ____

A

Tightly packed tissue that is solid, strong, and resistant to bending

Cancellous bone that reduces the weight of bone

93
Q

Osteoblasts are _____ and osteocytes are _____

A

Bone forming cells

Mature bone cells

94
Q

A correct example of bone shapes/examples is

A

Irregular bones-bones of the backbone

95
Q

Bones are ____

A

Multifunctional

96
Q

Buffers are what

A

Chemicals that resist PH change

97
Q

The outermost layer of connective tissue surrounding a skeletal muscle is called the

A

Epimysium

98
Q

Myofibrils are composed primarily of

A

Actin and myosin

99
Q

Neurotransmitters are stored in vesicles within

A

Motor neuron endings

100
Q

The enzyme cholinesterase cause acetylcholine to

A

Decompose

101
Q

Creatine phosphate serves to

A

Supply energy for the synthesis of ATP

102
Q

A muscle cramp is most likely due to a lack of

A

ATP

103
Q

Athletes usually experience muscular fatigue less quickly than nonathletes because they

A

Produce less lactic acid

104
Q

Multiunit smooth muscle

A

None of these are correct

105
Q

What is the function of the transversal tubules

A

To transmit muscle impulses into the cell interior

106
Q

The discoloration and swelling that may accompany a muscle strain is due to

A

Torn muscle fiber

107
Q

Rigor mortis that occurs in skeletal muscles a few hours after death is due to

A

Excessive ATP

108
Q

In a recording of a muscle twitch, the delay between the time a stimulus is applied and the time the muscle responds is called the

A

Latent period

109
Q

A neuromuscular junction can be described as

A

All of these are correct

110
Q

A motor unit is defined as

A

A motor neuron and the muscle fibers connected to it

111
Q

Short muscle cells with centrally located nuclei are

A

Smooth muscle fibers

112
Q

Transverse tubules and sacroplasmic reticulum are well developed in

A

Skeletal muscle fibers

113
Q

Muscle fibers are basically a collection of

A

Sacromeres

114
Q

The functional connection between the neuron and the skeletal muscle fiber is the

A

Synapse

115
Q

________ is responsible for degrading acetylcholine so that it does not remain in the synapse.

A

Acetylcholinesterase

From Flashcardlet (51 decks)

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