Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

First Semester: Microscopic Anatomy > Lecture 4: Epithelium > Flashcards

Lecture 4: Epithelium Flashcards

1
Q

Tissue

A

An aggregation of cells and extracellular substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Epithelium

A

A tissue composed of closely aggregated cells with very little extracellular substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

4 basic types of tissue

A

Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
Muscular tissue
Nervous tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

3 categories of the epithelium

A
  1. Surface/Lining epithelia
  2. Glandular epithelia
  3. Special epithelia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Surface or lining epithelia

A

Form sheets that cover body surface and line luminal organs, tubular structures, and body cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Glandular epithelia

A

Secretory

Their functions are to synthesize, store, and release it’s product

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Special epithelia

A

Receptors for taste and hearing (sensory for smell and vision have modified neurons)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

7 functions of epithelial tissue

A
  1. Protection
  2. Secretion
  3. Absorption
  4. Diffusion
  5. Friction Reduction
  6. Cleaning
  7. Sensation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Protection

A

Protects underlying tissue from mechanical abrasion/injury, harmful chemicals, invading microbes, and from excessive loss of water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Secretion

A

In glands, specialized to secrete specific chemical substances such as enzymes, hormones, and lubricating fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Absorption

A

Those lining the small intestine absorb nutrients from the digestion of food. Second largest absorbing area are of kidney tubules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Diffusion

A

Simple squamous (square) epithelium promotes the diffusion of gases, liquids, and nutrients (ex. endothelium of capillaries and lungs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Friction reduction

A

the smooth, tightly-interlocking endothelial cells that line the entire circulatory system reduce friction between the blood and walls of the blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cleaning

A

Ciliated respiratory epithelium assists in removing dust particles/foreign bodies from air passages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sensation

A

Specialized epi. tissue containing sensory nerve endings is found in the skin, ears, and on the tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Three germ layers in the developing embryo

A
  1. Ectoderm
  2. Mesoderm
  3. Endoderm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ectoderm

A

Epidermis of the skin and its derivatives

18
Q

2 parts of the mesoderm

A

Mesothelium

Endothelium

19
Q

Mesothelium

A

Epitthelium lining three serious body cavities (peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial)

20
Q

Endothelium

A

Epithelium lining blood and lymphatic vessels and heart chambers

21
Q

Endoderm

A

Epithelial lining and glands for most of the GI tract, respiratory system, liver, pancreas, and urinary bladder

22
Q

Epithelium has ____ cellular density

A

High

23
Q

Endothelium has little _____cellular subastance

A

inter

24
Q

Epithelial cell structure

A

polarized, cohesive, and closely associated to supporting connective tissue

25
Q

Three surfaces of epithelial cells

A

Apical
Lateral
Basal

26
Q

Where is the extracellular basal lamina

A

Lies at the interface of epithelial and connective tissue

27
Q

Small blood capillaries never enter an epithelium across

A

a basal lamina

28
Q

When components of a basal lamina are distinguishable in light microscopy, it is called

A

a basement membrane

29
Q

Basal lamina

A
  • Extracellular material, formed by the epithelial cells, separating epithelium from underlying connective tissue and acting as a selective barrier.
  • Provides structural support
30
Q

Basal lamina is visible in EM…

A

Only as a dense layer up to 100 nm thick

31
Q

Basement membrane

A
  • Basal lamina when it is visible with light microscopy

- Semi-permeable barrier (ex. blood-urine in placenta)

32
Q

Basement membrane stain

A

PAS

33
Q

Epithelial cells that are subject to pressure and traction have marked

A

Intercellular adhesion

34
Q

Cohesiveness is due to (3)

A
  • Transmembrane glycoproteins
  • E-Cadherins
  • Folds of plasma membrane between neighboring cells from intercellular adhesions
35
Q

Three types of intercellular junctions

A
  • Tight junctions
  • Desmosomes
  • Gap junctions
36
Q

Tight junctions

A
  • The membranes of neighboring cells are bound together by specific proteins
  • Form continuous hermetic seals around the cell
  • Prevent leakage of fluid across a layer of epithelial cells
37
Q

Desmosomes

A
  • Function like rivets, fastening cells together into strong sheets
  • Intermediate filaments made of sturdy keratin proteins anchor desmosomes in place
  • Adhere epithelial cells of the skin
38
Q

Gap junctions

A

-Provide cytoplasmic channels or tunnels from one cell to adjacent cell

39
Q

Gap junctions consist of

A

special membrane proteins that surround a pore through which ions, sugars, amino acids, and other small molecules may pass

40
Q

Gap junctions are necessary for

A

communication (chemical and electrical signals) between cells in many types of tissue (ex. heart muscle)

First Semester: Microscopic Anatomy (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions