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milady 2012 > chapter 11 > Flashcards

chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q

what term refers to the scientific study of hair and its diseases and care?

A

trichology

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2
Q

the greek word troches means what?

A

hair

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3
Q

the hair , skin , nails, and glands are part of the what system?

A

integumentary

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4
Q

what part of the hair is located below the surface of the epidermis?

A

the hair root

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5
Q

the pocket or tube like depression in the scalp or skin that contains the hair root is the hair

A

follicle

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6
Q

the thickened, club like structure that forms the lower part of the hair root is the what?

A

hair bulb

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7
Q

a small, cone shaped area located at the base of the hair follicle that fits into the hair bulb is the what?

A

dermal papilla

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8
Q

what structures contain the blood and nerve supply that provide the nutrients needed for hair growth?

A

dermal papillae

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9
Q

the small, involuntary muscle fiber in the base of the hair follicle is the what?

A

arrector pii

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10
Q

The substance secreted by the sebaceous glands is called the what?

A

sebum

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11
Q

what is the oily substance secreted by the skin’s oil glands that lubricates the hair and skin?

A

sebum

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12
Q

the body naturally produces how many of the 20 amino acids that make up hair?

A

11

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13
Q

what is the outermost layer of the hair?

A

hair cuticle

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14
Q

which layer of the hair shaft creates the shine and the smooth, silky feel of the hair

A

hair cuticle

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15
Q

a lengthwise section of hair shows that cuticle scales overlap and each individual cuticle scale is attached to the what?

A

cortex

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16
Q

which terms refers to a layer that protects the hair from penetration and prevents damage to hair fibers?

A

hair cuticle

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17
Q

the fibrous protein core fromed by elongated cells that contains melanin pigment is the what?

A

cortex

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18
Q

the changes involved in oxidation hair coloring, wet setting, thermal styling , permanent waving , and chemical relaxing take place within the what?

A

cortex

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19
Q

hair is composed of protein that grows from cells originating within the what?

A

hair follicle

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20
Q

the hair shaft that emerges from the scalp is a nonliving fiber composed of what

A

keratinized protein

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21
Q

hair is approximately what percent protein

A

90%

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22
Q

the major elements that make up human hair are carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen , and sulfur, often referred to as what?

A

COHNS elements

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23
Q

the units of structure that build protein and are joined together end to end like pop beads are what?

A

amino acids

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24
Q

a long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds is called a what chain

A

polypeptide

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25
Q

what substance are comprised of long, coiled, complex polypeptides made of amino acids?

A

proteins

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26
Q

the three different types of side bonds that link chains of amino acids together are

A

hydrogen, salt and disulfide

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27
Q

a physical side bond that is easily broken by water and het is a what bond

A

hydrogen

28
Q

what type of bond is broken by wetting the hair with water and is reformed when the hair dries?

A

hydrogen

29
Q

a weak , physical, cross-link side bond between adjacent polypeptide chains that is broken by changes in pH is a what bond?

A

salt

30
Q

permanent waving and hair relaxers change the shape of hair by chemically altering the hairs what

A

disulfide bonds

31
Q

hydroxide chemical relaxers break disulfide bonds and convert them to what bonds

A

lanthionine

32
Q

all natural hair color is the result of pigment called

A

melanin

33
Q

the pigment that provides brown or black color to the hair is what

A

eumelanin

34
Q

what term refers to the shape of the hair strand?

A

wave pattern

35
Q

what is the cross section shape of curly hair?

A

oval

36
Q

villus hair is also known as what hair?

A

lanugo

37
Q

what type of hair is short, fine, unpigmented, and downy?

A

vellus

38
Q

what are the three growth cycles of human hair

A

anagen , catagen, and telogen

39
Q

what is the growth phase during which new hair is produced

A

anagen

40
Q

what is the resting phase or final phase of the hair cycle that lasts until the fully grown hair is shed

A

telogen

41
Q

the sudden falling out of hair in round patches or baldness in spots is known as what?

A

alopecia areata

42
Q

temporary hair loss experienced at the end of a pregnancy is called what

A

postpartum alopecia

43
Q

what is the technical term for gray hair

A

canities

44
Q

the condition of abnormal hair growth of terminal hair is referred to as

A

hypertrichosis

45
Q

trichoptilosis is the technical term for what

A

split ends

46
Q

what si a condition that is characterized by brittleness and the formation of nodular swelling along the hair shaft?

A

trichorrhexis nodosa

47
Q

what is the technical term for beaded hair

A

monilethrix

48
Q

what is the technical term for brittle hair

A

fragilitas crinium

49
Q

what is the medical term used to describe dandruff

A

pityriasis

50
Q

current research confirms that dandruff is the result of a fungus called

A

malassezia

51
Q

what is a severe type of dandruff characterized by an accumulation of greasy or waxy scalp scales mixed with sebum?

A

pityriasis steatoides

52
Q

what severe for of dandruff is accompanied by redness and inflammation

A

seborrheic dermatitis

53
Q

what is the medical term for ringworm

A

tinea

54
Q

tine is characterized by itching scales and sometimes painful circular lesions and is caused by what

A

fungal organisms

55
Q

what is a scalp disorder characterized by dry, sulfur- yellow, cup -like curses on the scalp

A

tine favosa

56
Q

what is a highly contagious skin disease caused by a parasite called a mite?

A

scabies

57
Q

what term refers to an infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice

A

pediculosis capitis

58
Q

what term refers to an acute, localized bacterial infection of the hair follicle that produces constant pain?

A

furuncle

59
Q

the thickness or diameter of the individual hair strand is referred to as a hair

A

texture

60
Q

which type of hair has the largest diameter and usually requires more processing?

A

coarse hair

61
Q

the measurement that describes the number of individual hair strands on one square inch of the scalp is hair?

A

density

62
Q

the ability of the hair to absorb moisture is hair what?

A

porosity

63
Q

chemical services performed on hair with low porosity require a what solution?

A

more alkaline

64
Q

the ability of hair to stretch and return to its original length without breaking is referred to as hair what?

A

elasticity

65
Q

hair flowing in the same direction, as the result of follicles sloping in the same direction, is known as a what?

A

hair stream

milady 2012 (19 decks)

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