5.2 Ecology Concepts U5

Question 1

What is ecology?

Answer 1

The study of interrelationships between living things and their nonliving environment

Question 2

What is a biosphere?

Answer 2

Consists of all life on Earth and all parts of the Earth in which life exists, including land, water, and the atmosphere

Question 3

What is the environment?

Answer 3

All external factors that determine conditions surrounding an organism

Question 4

Organizational Levels: Population?

Answer 4

Groups of individuals of the same species in the same area

Question 5

Organizational Levels: Community?

Answer 5

Assemblages of different species in the same area

Question 6

Organizational Levels: Ecosystem?

Answer 6

A collection of all the organisms in a particular place together with the nonliving or abiotic environment

Question 7

Organizational Levels: Biome?

Answer 7

A group of ecosystems that have the same climate and similar communities

Question 8

Organizational Levels: Biosphere?

Answer 8

The highest level of organization

Question 9

What is the main source of energy for life on earth?

Answer 9

The sun

Question 10

How many directions does energy flow through an ecosystem?

Answer 10

One

Question 11

What is a food chain?

Answer 11

A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten

Question 12

What is a food web?

Answer 12

A complex network of feeding interactions

Question 13

What is a trophic level?

Answer 13

Each step in a food chain or web.

Question 14

How much energy flows through each trophic level?

Answer 14

Only about 10% of energy available in one trophic level is passed to the next level (10% rule).

Question 15

Who is in the first trophic level?

Answer 15

Producers

Question 16

Who is after the first trophic level?

Answer 16

Consumers

Question 17

What is an ecological pyramid?

Answer 17

Models that show the relative amount of energy or matter contained within each trophic level in a given food chain or web.

Question 18

What are the three types of ecological pyramids?

Answer 18

Pyramid of Biomass
Pyramid of Numbers
Pyramid of Energy

Question 19

What is a pyramid of biomass?

Answer 19

a model that illustrates the relative amount of living organic matter available at each trophic level in an ecosystem

Question 20

What is a pyramid of numbers?

Answer 20

a model that show the relative number of individual organisms at each trophic level in an ecosystem

Question 21

What is a pyramid of energy?

Answer 21

show the relative amount of energy available at each trophic level of a food chain or food web.

Question 22

What is direct competition?

Answer 22

between species produces a winner and a loser. The losing species dies out.

Question 23

What is intraspecific competition?

Answer 23

competition among members of the same species

Question 24

What is interspecific competition?

Answer 24

competition among members of different species