Eukaryotes vs Prokaryotes

Question 1

DNA contained in a nucleus surrounded by a nuclear envelope of two membranes

Answer 1

Eukaryotes

Question 2

No true nucleus. DNA lies free in cytoplasm

Answer 2

Prokaryotes

Question 3

Linear DNA associated with histone proteins to form chromosomes

Answer 3

Eukaryotes

Question 4

Circular DNA not associated with proteins. Separate loops of DNA called plasmids may be present

Answer 4

Prokaryote

Question 5

Cell wall, if present, made from cellulose (plants, algae) or chitin (fungi)

Answer 5

Eukaryotes

Question 6

Cell wall containing peptidoglycan

Answer 6

Prokaryotes

Question 7

Endoplasmic reticulum present and may contain attached ribosomes

Answer 7

Eukaryotes

Question 8

No endoplasmic reticulum or associated organelles (e.g golgi apparatus)

Answer 8

Prokaryotes

Question 9

Contains double membrane bound organelles, mitochondria and chloroplasts (in plants, algae)

Answer 9

Eukaryotes

Question 10

No double membrane bound organelles

Answer 10

Prokaryotes

Question 11

Many types of cell organelle present (compartmentalisation and division of labour)

Answer 11

Eukaryotes

Question 12

Few types of organelle present

Answer 12

Prokaryotes

Question 13

Larger (80S) ribosomes (22nm in diameter)

Answer 13

Eukaryotes

Question 14

Smaller (70S) ribosomes (18nm in diameter)

Answer 14

Prokaryotes

Question 15

If present, undulipodia have 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules and are surrounded by plasma membrane

Answer 15

Eukaryotes

Question 16

If present, flagella contain a single filament of the protein flagellin

Answer 16

Prokaryotes

Question 17

Cells are large, usually 10-100 micrometers in diameter

Answer 17

Eukaryotes

Question 18

Cells are small usually 0.5-5 micrometers in diameter.

Answer 18

Prokaryotes

Question 19

Binary fission for cell division

Answer 19

Prokaryotic

Question 20

Mitosis for cell division

Answer 20

Eukaryotic

Question 21

Splicing occurs

Answer 21

Eukaryotic

Question 22

mRNA travels out of nuclear pore

Answer 22

Eukaryotic

Question 23

One mRNA for one gene

Answer 23

Eukaryotic

Question 24

Transcription and translation co-occur

Answer 24

Prokaryotic

Question 25

How many times smaller are prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Answer 25

Typically 1000-10,000x smaller in volume.

Question 26

Glycocalyx found in cells that have no cell wall.

Answer 26

Eukaryotes

Question 27

Glycocalyx as a capsule or slime layer.

Answer 27

Prokaryotes

Question 28

Sterols and carbohydrates act as receptors in the plasma membrane.

Answer 28

Eukaryotic

Question 29

No carbohydrates or sterols in plasma membrane.

Answer 29

Prokaryotes

Question 30

Cytoskeleton and cytoplasmic streaming in the cytoplasm.

Answer 30

Eukaryotes

Question 31

No cytoskeleton or cytoplasmic streaming in the cytoplasm.

Answer 31

Prokaryotes

Question 32

Sexual recombination during meiosis.

Answer 32

Eukaryotes

Question 33

No sexual recombination.

Answer 33

Prokaryotes