[OLD] Biological Molecules - ATP

Question 1

What does ATP stand for?

Answer 1

Adenosine TriPhosphate

Question 2

What does ATP consist of?

Answer 2

Adenine (nitrogenous base)
Ribose (5 carbon sugar (pentose)
3 phosphate groups (PO4-)

Question 3

How does ATP become ADP?

Answer 3

ATP loses a phosphate group by hydrolysis

Question 4

What does ADP stand for?

Answer 4

Adenosine DiPhosphate

Question 5

What happens when ATP loses a phosphate group to become ADP?

Answer 5

Energy is released as the bond is broken

Question 6

What happens to the energy released when ATP becomes ADP?

Answer 6

It can be used by the cell for other purposes e.g active transport, moving vesicles, making cilia waft/beat, constructing large polymer molecules etc

Question 7

How can ATP be regenerated from ADP?

Answer 7

By adding a phosphate molecule back onto it

Question 8

What do you need to regenerate ATP from ADP?

Answer 8

The chemical energy provided by the food you eat

Question 9

Give 3 ways in which the properties of ATP make it a suitable supply of energy in biological processes

Answer 9

It releases energy is small, manageable amounts appropriate for the uses of the cell.
It is made quickly and easily through a one step reaction.
It is soluble so can move around inside a cell easily without leaving the cell.

Question 10

What’s a simple equation to show how ATP is synthesised from ADP

Answer 10

ADP + phosphate group -> ATP