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SP2017 Micro Exam#2 > Lecture 6- Respiratory Viruses > Flashcards

Lecture 6- Respiratory Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

Influenza is from the… family. It’s genome is….

Is it enveloped?

A
  • Orthomyxoviridae
  • segmented (-)ssRNA
  • yes
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2
Q

Adenovirus is from the… family. It’s genome is….

Is it enveloped?

A
  • Adenoviridae
  • dsDNA
  • no
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3
Q

Rhinovirus is from the… family. It’s genome is..

Is it enveloped?

A
  • Picornavirus
  • (+)ssRNA
  • no
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4
Q

How many types of influenza and which is most common and associated with the greatest concerns?

A

3 (A,B and C)

A is most common

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5
Q

Influenza… is the only type that has an animal reservoir

A

A

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6
Q

Influenza has…. segments

A

8

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7
Q

Influenza has a protein…. which is involved with cell attachment and a protein…. which is involved with viral budding and release

A

HA, hemagglutinin

NA, neuraminidase

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8
Q

Influenza is identified by surface antigens…. and …

A

HA

NA

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9
Q

Influenza has…. HA serotypes and …. NA serotypes

A

16

9

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10
Q

… is the major determinant in influenza in if it affects humans or birds

A

HA

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11
Q

HA sialic acid linkage of avians

A

alpha2,3 avian

alpha2,6 human

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12
Q

HA sialic acid linkage of humans

A

alpha2,6

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13
Q

Influenza virus first attaches which brings cell and virus membranes in close proximity, then there is a conformation change triggered by …. in endosome. This causes….
This is the model for all enveloped viruses.

A
  • pH change

- membrane fusion

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14
Q

Transcription and replication for the influenza virus takes place in the…
The… then escapes the nucleus and buds from cell surface.
**…. is critical to budding

A
  • nucleus
  • Protected genome (RNP core)
  • NA
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15
Q

Transmission of influenza is by…

A

aerosol, large and small droplets

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16
Q

Infectivity of influenza is greatest for particles …. microns

A

> 10

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17
Q

Incubation period for influenza is…

A

1-4 days

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18
Q

Influenza is an exception to the normal because it is an…. virus that replicates in the nucleus. Retroviruses do this as well but those have a DNA intermediate

A

RNA

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19
Q

What are the 2 currently circulating strains of influenza?

A

H1N1

H3N2

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20
Q

What are 4 possible complications of influenza?

A
  1. viral pneumonia
  2. bacterial pneumonia
  3. Reye syndrome (Type B+aspirin)
  4. Otitis media
21
Q

What is the reproductive # of influenza?

A

1 to 2

22
Q

Symptoms of flu and how many days it lasts

A

fever, malaise, nonproductive cough, sore throat

3-7 days

23
Q

The influenza virus mutates requiring a new vaccine development every year, this is called….

A

antigenic shift (drift?)

24
Q

The influenza vaccine is a…. vaccine and usually contains an…,… and…. strain

A
  • attenuated, live

- H3N2, H1N1 and type B strain

25
Q

Antivirals of influenza are…. these block…. but development of resistance is common.

A
  • amantidine, rimantidine

- entry and M2 activity

26
Q

For influenza, …. blocks release of budding virions. Development of resistance is not common

A

Zanamivir/oseltamivir (tamiflu)

27
Q

There have been… major pandemics of influenza

A

4

28
Q

The 1918 …. flu was the…. strain and it caused 20-40 million deaths. Caused “cytokine storm” and affected healthy adults

A

spanish

H1N1

29
Q

The 1957….. flu was the… strain and it caused 6 million deaths in mostly children and elderly

A

asian

30
Q

The 1968…. flu was the… strain and caused 2 million deaths

A

hong kong

H3N2

31
Q

The 2009-2010 …. caused 8000-18000 deaths

A

H1N1

32
Q

The adenovirus is from the… family and its genome is..

Is it enveloped?

A
  • adenoviridae
  • dsDNA
  • no
33
Q

Key proteins of the adenovirus

A

fiber- cell attachment
penton base- cell entry
heron-capsid

34
Q

Entry of the adenovirus is by the…. receptor

A

coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (CAR)

35
Q

Gene expression of the adenovirus is in… phases

A

3

immediate-early, early, and late

36
Q

Replication for the adenovirus happens in the…

A

nucleus

37
Q

DNA replication of the adenovirus occurs during the… phase

A

S

38
Q

Adenovirus:

… inactivates pRb leading to S phase gene expression

A

E1A

39
Q

Adenovirus:

…. inactivates p53 leading to S phase and preventing…

A
  • E1B

- apoptosis

40
Q

In adenovirus, the … gene produces proteins important to host immune evasion

A

E3

41
Q

Adenovirus blocks … reducing CTL cell killing

A

MHC class I expression

42
Q

Adenovirus blocks…. apoptosis

A

TNF induced

43
Q

Adenovirus blocks … and… action keeping protein…

A
  • IFN-alpha
  • IFN-beta
  • translation active
44
Q

Adenovirus infection symptoms are same as common cold, these are serotypes

A

1,2,5 and 6

45
Q

Acute respiratory disease is severe pneumonia caused by the adenovirus and is serotypes..
common in crowded conditions (military)

A

4 and 7

46
Q

Adenovirus is frequently used as …

A

vectors

47
Q

… is frequent cause of mild upper respiratory infections. … are the only reservoir

A

rhinovirus

humans

48
Q

are there antivirals or vaccines for rhino virus?

A

no

SP2017 Micro Exam#2 (12 decks)

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