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Histology > Connective Tissue Online Module W3 > Flashcards

Connective Tissue Online Module W3 Flashcards

1
Q

Two types of connective tissue

A

Special

Ordinary

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2
Q

Special connective tissue (3)

A

Skeleton (bone and cartilage)

Blood and blood forming tissue

fat (adipose tissue)

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3
Q

Ordinary connective tissue (2)

A

Ligaments and tendons

Stroma

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4
Q

Every epithelium has a layer of ……. …… ……. beneath it

A

Loose connective tissue

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5
Q

Structure of connective tissue (4)

A

Few cells

Lots of ECM

scattered cells

No contact between cells (no junctions)

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6
Q

Two components of connective tissue

A

Cells

Extra cellular matrix

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7
Q

Main type of cell in connective tissue

A

Fibroblasts

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8
Q

Other cells found in connective tissue (FIXED)(3)

A

Macrophages
Mast cells
Plasma cells

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9
Q

Other cells found in connective tissue (TRANSIENT)

1

A

Other white blood cells

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10
Q

Connective tissue -cells- other cells- two types

A

Fixed

Transient

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11
Q

Two main components of ECM

A

Ground substance

Fibres

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12
Q

Fibres found in ECM (3)

A

Collagen

Reticular

Elastic

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13
Q

What is ground distance made up of (3)

A

GAGs
Proteoglycans
Water

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14
Q

What are GAGs

A

Glycolsaminoglycans

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15
Q

Characteristics of firbroblasts (3)

A

Active

Have lots of Golgi

Lots of rER

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16
Q

Fibrocytes characteristics

A

Inactive

Little rER

Little Golgi

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17
Q

What do fibroblasts do (3)

A

Produce collagen proteins that make up collagenous fibres

Produce elastic fibres

Produce ground substance

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18
Q

Collagen formation (4steps)

A

Procollagen
Tropocollagen
Collagen fibril
Collagen fibre

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19
Q

What determines whether collagen fibres are very thin fibril or coarse bundles (2)

A

Type of collagen and other proteins present

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20
Q

While family of collagen proteins that have different …(4)

A

Arrangements
Distributions
Functions
Compositions

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21
Q

Type of collagen found in ordinary CT and bone

A

Type I

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22
Q

Type of collagen found in cartilage

A

Type II

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23
Q

Type of collagen found in reticular fibres

A

Type III

24
Q

Type of collagen found in basal lamina

A

Type 4

25
Q

Type of collagen found in muscle and tendon sheaths

A

Type 5

26
Q

Where is collagen made (2)

A

Collagen proteins made by fibroblasts

Collagen fibrils assembled in extra cellular space

27
Q

Where are elastic fibres made

A

Step 1: rER
step2: Golgi apparatus
Step3: extra cellular space

28
Q

Step 1 of elastic fibre synthesis
Where (1)
What(3)

A

rER

Synthesis of three components :

Proelastin
Mirofibril associated glycoproteins
Fibrillin 1+2

29
Q

Step 2 of elastic fibre synthesis
Where (1)
What(1)

A

Golgi apparatus

Packaging and secretion of proelastin

30
Q

Step 3 of elastic fibre synthesis
Where (1)
What(2)

A

Extracellular space

Proelastin –> tropoelastin

Assembly of fibrillin 1, 2 microfibril associated glycoprotein and tropoelastin

31
Q

2 types of ordinary connective tissue

A

Loose

Dense

32
Q

Characteristics of loose connective tissue (4)

A

Delicate and good for movement

Lots of ground substance

Few fibres

Fine fibres

33
Q

Characteristics of dense connective tissue (4)

A

Strong

Little ground substance

Many fibres

Course bundles of fibres

Few scattered cells (fibrocytes>fibroblasts)

34
Q

What does Dense regular connective tissue look like

Where is it often found

A

Moving in one direction

Tendon

35
Q

What does Dense irregular connective tissue look like

A

Fibres moving in many directions

36
Q

Typical connective tissue

ie ………. connective tissue

A

Collagenous

37
Q

Unusual connective tissue

ie ………. connective tissue

A

Elastic

38
Q

What are fibrocytes

A

Inactive cells

39
Q

Function of loose connective tissue

A

Support (nutritional- facilitates diffusion)

40
Q

Function of dense connective tissue

A

Strength and support

41
Q

A special type of connective tissue:…….. tissue for eg…….. ……… in the aorta

A

Elastic

Elastic lamina

42
Q

Example of highly specialised elastic tissue cardiovascular example

Where is it found

A

Elastic lamina in aorta

43
Q

How many sheets of elastic lamina does the aorta have in its wall

A

40-60

44
Q

What is the purpose of elastic fibre in the aorta

A

To adapt to sudden changes in blood pressure thus avoiding rupture

45
Q

Adipose tissue is highly specialised form of ….. connective tissue

A

Loose

46
Q

What does white adipose tissue consist of (2)

A

Cells (adipocytes) that are tightly packed together

Large lipid droplet fills cytoplasm

Cytoplasm and nucleus pushed to edges

47
Q

What’s another name for white adipose tissue

A

Unilocular

48
Q

Brown adipose tissue where is it found

A

In infants

49
Q

What is different about brown adipose tissue

Compared to white) (3

A

It has multiple smaller lipid droplets in cytoplasm

It has numerous mitochondria (eosinophilia)

Found in infants (can be found in adults at selected sites)

50
Q

What contains large amounts of adipose tissue

A

Hypodermis

51
Q

What does the macenchymal cell form (3)

A

Fibroblasts

2 types of early lipoblasts

52
Q

What do early lipoblasts form (2)

A

Midsage lipoblast

Brown adipose tissue

53
Q

What does the mid stage lipoblast form

A

Late lipoblast

–> white adipose tissue

54
Q

Another name for brown adipose tissue

A

Multilocular

55
Q

Adipose tissue functions (2)

A

Support tissue -hypodermis
Shock absorption

Energy source
Secretes protein (Leptin) that regulates metabolism
Rich capillary network and innervation by ANS

56
Q

Why did brown adipose tissue have multiple mitochondria

A

Because it metabolises fat to produce energy

Histology (11 decks)

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