Proximal myopathy Flashcards
1
Q
What is the definition of proximal myopathy?
A
Symmetrical weakness of the upper part of the muscle
2
Q
What are the risk factors/aetiology of proximal myopathy?
A
- Hyperthyroidism
- Hypothyroidism
- Acromegaly
- Cushings syndrome
- Myasthenia gravis
- Osteomalacia
- Disorder of Ca metabolism
- Hypo/hyperkalaemia
- Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies
- Neuropathies
- Polymyalgia rheumatica
- Hereditary myopathies
- Renal disease
- Malignancy
- Infections
- Sarcoidosis
- Drugs e.g. steroids, statins
- Alcohol
3
Q
What are the signs/symptoms of proximal myopathy?
A
- Unable to rise from a seated position without the use of their arms
- Difficulty climbing stairs
- Difficulty shaving
- Difficulty combing hair
- Malasia
- Paraesthesia
- Atrophy of muscles
- Myalgia
4
Q
What investigations are conducted in the case of proximal myopathy?
A
- Creatinine kinase
- FBC
- ESR
- U&Es
- TFTs
- Vit D levels
- Antinuclear antibodies
- ECG
- Urinalysis
- Electromyography
- MRI
- Muscle biopsy
5
Q
What are the pharmacological treatments for proximal myopathy?
A
- Removal of offending agent
- Correcting endocrine/metabolic problem
- Corticosteroids
- Immunosuppressant
6
Q
What are the non pharmacological treatments for proximal myopathy?
A
- Genetic counselling
* Physical aids
