6

Question 1

Doctor prescribed 5 mg of Drug X but pharmacist dispensed 3 mg instead. What type
of error is this?

Answer 1

Dispensing error

Question 2

How can this error be prevented?

Answer 2

Double checking

Question 3

A doctor prescribes 3300 mg of MgSO4 to a patient with epilepsy, which results in
the baby being admitted to NICU. What type of error is this?

Answer 3

Prescription error

Question 4

An elderly patient with diabetes has a HbA1c level of 12% and is on 4 anti-diabetic
medications, one of which is insulin. Patient refuses to take insulin due to fear of
weight gain. What is the most appropriate intervention?

Answer 4

Add Liraglutide for weight
loss if patient is overweight. if patient is not overweight re-assure patient that insulin
is needed due to high A1c and give advice to control weight.

Question 5

A woman with cancer refuses to receive chemotherapy or surgery. What is the best
course of action?

Answer 5

Explain to her the benefits and risk of not receiving treatment so
she can make an informed decision.

Question 6

What does the abbreviation OU stand for?

Answer 6

Apply to each eye (both eyes)

Question 7

What is the anti-dote of organophosphosphate poisoning?

Answer 7

Atropine and Pralidoxime

Question 8

What is the anti-dote in acetaminophen overdose?

Answer 8

N-Acetylcysteine

Question 9

What is the anti-dote of benzodiazepines?

Answer 9

Flumazenil

Question 10

How many natural amino acids in the human body?

Answer 10

20 natural amino acids

Question 11

A patient with damaged pancreas consumes a high carb meal. The digestion of which
type of carbohydrates will be most affected?

Answer 11

Starch (amylase produced by pancreas
catalyzed digestion of starch into maltose and glucose)

Question 12

What are the components of fungal cell wall?

Answer 12

Chitin + Glucans + Glycoproteins

Question 13

Which of these is contains an inhaled cortisone?

Answer 13

Pulmicort, Symbicort

Question 14

What is a reliable source of clinical studies?

Answer 14

Pubmed

Question 15

What is the most appropriate anti-convulsant for a pregnant woman?

Answer 15

Lamotrigine

Question 16

Woman taking levothyroxine has become pregnant. What is the most appropriate
course of action?

Answer 16

Inform prescriber to increase dose

Question 17

A doctor has increased the dose of a patient’s anti-convulsant. What is the treatment
target?

Answer 17

Zero seizures

Question 18

What are the secondary lymphoid organs?

Answer 18

Tonsils, Spleen, and Lymph nodes

Question 19

Which surface protein is expressed by T helper (Th) cells?

Answer 19

CD4

Question 20

What type of hypersensitivity reaction is hemolytic anemia?

Answer 20

Type 2 hypersensitivity

Question 21

What Immunoglobulin is involved in allergic asthma?

Answer 21

Immunoglobulin E

Question 22

Which immunoglobulin is able to pass through placenta?

Answer 22

Immunoglobulin G

Question 23

Which bacteria causes Plague disease?

Answer 23

Yersinia pestis

Question 24

Which gram-positive bacteria causes respiratory disease?

Answer 24

Streptococcus pneumonia

Question 25

What is the definition of flocculation?

Answer 25

Adherence of particles in a dispersion form to create larger-sized particles.

Question 26

What is the definition of fluctuation (pharmacokinetic)?

Answer 26

Differences (fluctuations) in peak-trough levels within one dosing interval at steady state (expressed as %).

Question 27

Identify which drug has higher efficacy and potency from a dose-response curve.

Question 28

What is a small, circular, double-stranded DNA that is distinct from a cell’s chromosomal DNA known as?

Answer 28

Plasmid

Question 29

A pharmacist is comparing the clinical outcome of two drugs with different costs. Which type of pharmacoeconomic analysis is this?

Answer 29

Cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA)

Question 30

Definition of SNP.

Answer 30

Single nucleotide polymorphism (change in only one nucleotide).

Question 31

Which anticancer drugs target the mitosis stage?

Answer 31

Vina Alkaloids and Taxanes

Question 32

In which genetic mutation is Imatinib used?

Answer 32

Philadelphia chromosome (BCR-ABL)

Question 33

Which drug targets dihydrofolate reductase?

Answer 33

Methotrexate

Question 34

Three questions on identifying types of studies (e.g., retrospective cohort study, clinical trial, case-controlled study, cross-sectional study).

Question 35

Which anti-diabetic class does sitagliptin belong to?

Answer 35

DDP-4

Question 36

What is the maximum statin dose for patient taking verapamil?

Answer 36

10 mg (source: RxPrep)

Question 37

A patient who is Hajj visitor is prescribed Diazepam as needed for insomnia, what is the maximum dose?

Answer 37

15 mg

Question 38

Drug/supplement that cause heart burn?

Answer 38

Potassium supplements

Question 39

What requires monitoring in patient receiving spironolactone?

Answer 39

Potassium levels

Question 40

Which drug has a metallic taste?

Answer 40

Captopril

Question 41

Which drug causes sulfa allergy? Dapsone

Question 42

What is myrrh used for?

Answer 42

Cough

Question 43

What question should be asked to patient on warfarin?

Answer 43

Do you have gum bleeding?

Question 44

Patient comes to pharmacy with pinpoint pupils, what is the likely cause?

Answer 44

Heroin Overdose

Question 45

What are the ‘5 rights’?

Answer 45

right dose, right patient, right drug, right time, right route

Question 46

What vaccines are required for patient with Asthma/COPD?

Answer 46

Influenza vaccine and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine.

Question 47

Can a baby receiving antiviral drug take live vaccine?

Answer 47

No, need to wait 48hrs after stopping antiviral to receive vaccine.

Question 48

A company made a profit of 120,000, the operating expenses were 5,000, and Zakah was 8,000, what is the free cash flow?

Answer 48

107,000 (free cash flow = profit – [operating expenses + tax/zakah + other expenses])

Question 49

What enhances the activity of insulin?

Answer 49

Chromium

Question 50

A patient with gastric bypass, which vitamin deficiency will he have?

Answer 50

B12 deficiency

Question 51

Patient with hypothyroidism, which deficiency is he likely to have?

Answer 51

Iodine deficiency

Question 52

Which Vitamin D is used in infants?

Answer 52

Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3)

Question 53

What is the first-line treatment for patient with osteoarthritis where non- pharmacological measures were ineffective.

Answer 53

Topical NSAID (gel or patch).

Question 54

Which drug is an IV direct thrombin inhibitor?

Answer 54

Argatroban/Bivalirudin

Question 55

A female with hypothyroidism has developed osteoporosis, what is the appropriate treatment?

Answer 55

Alendronate (High doses of levothyroxine can cause bone resorption)

Question 56

A patient has received an organ transplant took herbal treatment which caused organ failure, what is the likely herbal?

Answer 56

St John’s wort

Question 57

A 60 yo patient presents with meningitis, what is the appropriate treatment?

Answer 57

Ceftriaxone + Vancomycin + Ampicillin

Question 58

A neonate patient presents with meningitis, what is the appropriate treatment?

Answer 58

Ampicillin + Gentamicin

Question 59

Which drug causes thyroid toxicity?

Answer 59

Amiodarone

Question 60

What is the treatment of thyroid toxicity?

Answer 60

Methimazole (withdraw amiodarone if possible).

Question 61

Which drug causes pulmonary embolism?

Answer 61

Amiodarone

Question 62

What is the purpose of granulation in drug formulation?

Answer 62

Produces larger particles (granules) from fine powder – granules are free-flowing and dust-free making them easier to compress.

Question 63

What does mid arm circumference measure?

Answer 63

Measures arm muscle. Used as indicator of nutritional status in children.

Question 64

64. How to check for respiratory infection?

Answer 64

Auscultation

Question 65

What is the definition of miscibility?

Answer 65

Mixing of substances to form a homogenous solution without precipitates.

Question 66

Calculate Vd.

Question 67

Calculate Absolute bioavailability.

Question 68

Calculate Phenytoin Correction.

Question 69

Calculate Creatinine Clearance.

Question 70

What type of beta-blocker is propranolol?

Answer 70

Non-selective beta-1 and beta-2 inhibitor

Question 71

What are the health complications of polycythemia (high RBC conc.)?

Answer 71

high blood pressure (other: gout, headache, blood clots).

Question 72

Patient vomits two hours after taking levonorgestrel, what is the appropriate course of action?

Answer 72

If more than two hours, no action. If within two hours, requires repeat dose or alternative emergency contraception (e.g., IUD).

Question 73

What is the benefit of conjugate estrogen compared to non-conjugate estrogen?

Answer 73

Prolongs half-life (acts as inactive estradiol reservoir that is slowly converted to active estrogen).

Question 74

Patient with multiple sclerosis experiences multiple relapses, what is the appropriate treatment? Natalizumab

Question 75

Patient going into surgery, which medicines should be discontinued?

Answer 75

Depends on answer choices usually anti-coagulants, anti-platelets, NSAIDs, ACE inhibitors, diuretics, and MAO inhibitors.

Question 76

Infant with nasal bleed, what is the likely deficiency?

Answer 76

Vitamin K

Question 77

What is the best base for dry skin?

Answer 77

Ointment (used for very dry, chapped/cracked skin).

Question 78

Patient still suffering from UTI even after adherence to antibacterial treatment, what is the best course of action?

Answer 78

Change to another antibiotic

Question 79

Patient is non-adherent and after questioning appears to be unable to pay for medication due to insurance running out, what is the cause of non-adherence and what is the best course of action?

Answer 79

Cause: Economic. Solution: talk to patient about benefits and risks

Question 80

Patient with Hospital-acquired pneumonia experiences bronchospasm?

Answer 80

Use bronchodilator (SABA) + Corticosteroid.

Question 81

Scientists are conducting clinical trials assessing the use of anti-psychotics in depression, what is the likely concerns?

Answer 81

Risk of extra-pyramidal symptoms and metabolic problems.

Question 82

What is the mode of action of mannitol?

Answer 82

Increase osmotic pressure (osmotic diuretic used to reduce intracranial pressure) Mannitol Structure: structure at page 4

Question 83

Which chemical structure can cause penicillin allergy?

Answer 83

Beta-lactam ring

Question 84

Which of these ACE inhibitors structures are active?

Answer 84

Captopril and Lisinopril

Question 85

How is amphotericin B metabolized?

Answer 85

Hydrolysis

Question 86

What type of breakdown occurs due to presence of water?

Answer 86

Hydrolysis

Question 87

What type of reaction causes the conversion of amine (NH3) to a carbonyl (C=O) in a catecholamine molecule?

Answer 87

Oxidative deamination (catalyzed by MAO enzyme) structure at page 4

Question 88

What is the least dominant form of histamine?

Answer 88

When both amine groups are protonated. structure at page 4

Question 89

What’s the property of Carboxylic group (COOH)?

Answer 89

Acidic

Question 90

What’s the property of Amine group (NH3)?

Answer 90

Basic

Question 91

What’s the property of Alkyl group (CH3)?

Answer 91

Neutral

Question 92

A patient is taking an anti-hypertensive drug, but it is still not controlled, what is the best course of action?

Answer 92

(Not enough information - answer depends on age, race, and co-morbidities).

Question 93

A patient with altered kidney function is taking gentamicin and ampicillin, what is required?

Answer 93

Both antibiotics require renal dose adjustments

Question 94

A patient is taking the maximum statin dose and cholesterol levels are still not on target, what is the appropriate intervention?

Answer 94

Add Ezetimibe

Question 95

A grandmother brings her grandson who is presenting with signs of poisoning, who should you get more information from?

Answer 95

Parent/Caregiver

Question 95

A patient on insulin refuses to take insulin due to fear of weight gain, what is the best course of action?

Answer 95

Try to explain to patient the benefits of treatment to change their belief.

Question 96

A patient is experiencing digoxin toxicity, what treatment should patient receive?

Answer 96

Digoxin Immune Fab (DigiFab) – each 40 mg vial binds 0.5 mg digoxin (max. 20 vials).

Question 97

What is the advantage of transdermal delivery systems?

Answer 97

Deliver drug at a controlled rate.

Question 98

What is the function of the excipient Aspartame?

Answer 98

Artificial Sweetener

Question 99

Can a patient who is taking Acyclovir receive the Varicella vaccination?

Answer 99

No, varicella is live vaccine thus must wait 2 days after d/c acyclovir