Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

UWorld > 6.17.16 > Flashcards

6.17.16 Flashcards

(87 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

what is: essential fructosuria

A

benign disorder of fructose metab d/t fructokinase def

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

fructokinase: rxn

A

frutose –> fructose 1-phosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

def in fructokinase causes what dz?

A

essential fructosuria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

essential fructosuria: ssx

A

asympt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how is fructose metab in essential fructosuria?

A

hexokinase: fructose –> fructose 6-phosphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Dx: clumped, G+ bact –> polar granules –> stain deeply w aniline dyes

A

diphtheria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is: Robertsonian translocation

A

t(14; 21): chrom 17 & 21 –> long arms fuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Robertsonian translocation results in what disorder?

A

Down synd

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Dx: t(14; 21)

A

translocation Down synd

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

unbalanced Robertsonian translocation: karyotype

A

46, XX, t(14:21)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

F –> balanced Robertsonian translocation carrier: increased risk of what?

A

miscarriage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

umbilical hernia: pathophys

A

incomplete closure of umbilical ring –> linea alba defect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

umbilical hernia: charact

A
  • protrusion at umbilicus –> soft, reducible, benign
  • asympt
  • resolve spont in 1st few yrs of life
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

umbilical hernia: assoc dz

A

Down synd

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

collagen: aa seq

A

Gly-X-Y

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

collagen: most abundant aa

A

Glycine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

collagen: 2ary & 3ary struct

A

3 alpha chains –> triple helix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

acute rheumatic fever: assoc dz

A

strep pharyngitis, NOT impetigo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

social anxiety disorder: onset

A

typically in adolescence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

virus –> particle surface –> phospholipid composition –> similar to cell nuclear membrane: dx

A

herpesviridae –> bud thru & acquire envelope from host cell nuclear membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

enveloped nucleocapsid virus –> how acquire envelope?

A

bud thru plasma membrane of host cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

carotid sinus reflex –> afferent limb

A

carotid sinus baroreceptors –> glossopharyngeal N (CN IX) –> vagal nucleus, medullary center

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

carotid sinus reflex –> efferent limb

A

Parasym impulses via vagus N (CN X)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

carotid sinus hypersensitivity: presentation

A

pressure on carotid sinus –> severe bradycardia, hypotension, syncope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
uncal herniation: compresses what? which results in?
CN III as it exits midbrain --> oculomotor N palsy --> fixed dilated pupil
26
Dx: chronic alcoholic, severe malnourish --> low urinary riboflavin
riboflavin (B2) def
27
riboflavin: precursor to?
coenyzmes FMN & FAD
28
FAD: fx
ETC: electron acceptor for succinate deH (complex II)
29
succinate deH: rxn
succinate --> fumarate
30
succinate deH: involved in what pathway?
TCA & ETC
31
riboflavin: important for?
ETC
32
pathologic vertebral fracture: common cause
osteoporosis
33
atypical depression: charact
- mood reactivity - leaden paralysis - rejection sensitivity - increased sleep & appetite
34
atypical depression: main distinguishing charact
mood reactivity
35
what is: mood reactivity
feeling better in response to positive events
36
localized amyloidosis in cardiac atria: precursor peptide?
atrial natriuretic peptide
37
localized amyloidosis in thyroid: precursor peptide?
calcitonin
38
localized amyloidosis in pancreatic islets: precursor peptide?
islet amyloid protein (amylin)
39
localized amyloidosis in cerebrum, cerebral blood vessels: precursor peptide?
B-amyloid protein
40
localized amyloidosis in pituitary: precursor peptide?
prolactin
41
primary systemic amyloidosis: precursor peptide?
immune globulin light chains
42
finasteride: MOA
5a-reductase inh -> suppress peripheral conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone
43
finasteride: use
- BPH | - androgenetic alopecia
44
5a-reductase inh: drug name?
finasteride
45
prolonged ACTH stim --> leads to?
hyperplasia of zona fasciculata & reticularis
46
obstructive sleep apnea: ssx
- daytime sleepiness - HA - depression
47
obstructive sleep apnea: comp
- systemic & pulm HTN - RH fail - increase risk for cardiac events
48
another name for Pick's dz?
frontotemporal dementia
49
frontotemporal dementia: pathophys
pronounced atrophy of frontal lobe
50
frontotemporal dementia: initial presentation
change in personality, social beh, language
51
c-myc: fx
transcription activator
52
Burkitt lymphoma: translocation
t(8;14)
53
Burkitt lymphoma: histology
"starry sky" w tingible body macrophages
54
ventricular pressure-vol loop: mnemonic for points A, B, C, D
MAAM COCO A: MV --> close B: AV --> open C: AV --> close D: MV --> open
55
ventricular pressure-vol loop: ventricular systole is represented by?
A-->B, B-->C
56
ventricular pressure-vol loop: ventricular diastole is represented by?
B-->D, D-->A
57
ventricular pressure-vol loop: what is A-->B?
isovol contraction
58
ventricular pressure-vol loop: what is B-->C?
V ejection
59
ventricular pressure-vol loop: what is C-->D?
isovol relax
60
ventricular pressure-vol loop: what is D-->A?
V filling
61
ventricular pressure-vol loop: what happens when increase circulating vol?
increase preload (LVEDV) --> rightward widening of loop
62
cardinal veins: give rise to?
SVC, other constituents of systemic venous circ
63
developing embryo --> common cardinal veins --> drain into?
sinus venosus
64
most common 1ary cerebral neoplasm in adults?
glioblastoma
65
single brain tumor: 1ary or metastatic?
1ary
66
metastatic brain tumor: gross presentation on brain
mult well-circumscribed lesions at gray-white jx
67
glioblastoma: most common location
w/in cerebral hemispheres --> may cross midline (corpus callosum)
68
glioblastoma that crosses midline is called?
butterfly glioma
69
glioblastoma: level of malig
highly malig
70
glioblastoma: gross appearance on brain
areas of necrosis & hemorrhage
71
increased ICP at temporal lobe --> leads to?
uncal herniation
72
severe hypoglycemia w LOC: tx
nonmedical setting: IM glucagon | medical setting: IV dextrose
73
HF d/t LV systolic dysfx: what drugs improve long-term survival?
- BB - ACEI - ARB - aldos ant
74
CN VII --> exits skull thru what?
stylomastoid foramen
75
CN VII: fx in face
muscles of facial expression
76
acute cardiac transplant rejection: histology
dense mononuclear lymphocytic infiltrate w cardiac myocyte damage
77
acute cardiac transplant rejection: when does it occur?
wks after transplant
78
what is: type II (B) error
falsely conclude that there is no difference
79
what is: type I (a) error?
falsely conclude there is a difference
80
ST elevation --> lead II, III, aVF --> what artery is occluded?
RCA
81
ST elevation --> lead V1-V4 --> what artery is occluded?
proximal LAD
82
ST elevation --> lead V5, V6 --> what artery is occluded?
LCX
83
occlusion of RCA --> affects what area of the heart?
inf wall of LV
84
occlusion of proximal LAD --> affects what area of the heart?
anteroseptal
85
occlusion of LCX --> affects what area of the heart?
lat wall of LV
86
occlusion of RCA --> may what dysfx of what?
sinus node
87
sinus node: supplied by what artery?
RCA

UWorld (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions