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UWorld > 7.1.16 NBME 17 > Flashcards

7.1.16 NBME 17 Flashcards

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1
Q

Kartagener synd: pathophys

A

inherited defect of dynein arm –> necess for ciliary mvmt

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2
Q

11 hydroxylase def: 17-hydroxyprogesterone level

A

increased

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3
Q

vagus N: fx

A
  • epiglottis –> taste
  • swallow
  • soft palate elevate
  • midline uvula
  • talk
  • cough
  • thoracoabd viscera
  • monitor aortic arch chemo/baroreceptors
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4
Q

dev milestones: 2-4yo

A
  • 2yo: 2 steps, 2step command, 2 word, 6 blocks
  • 3yo: tricycle, 3word sentence, brush teeth, draw circle
  • 4yo: hop, copy cross, play w kids
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5
Q

17 hydroxylase def: hormone levels

A
  • decrease: cortisol, androgen

- increase: weak mineralocorticoid (DOC)

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6
Q

hemiballismus: results from?

A

damage contralat subthalamic nucleus

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7
Q

facial N: fx

A
  • face mvmt
  • ant 2/3 tongue –> taste
  • lacrimation
  • salivation
  • eyelid close
  • stapedius M in ear
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8
Q

abducens N: fx

A

eye mvmt

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9
Q

break mandible –> what N injure?

A

inf alveolar N

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10
Q

differentiate: case-ctrl vs cohort study

A
  • case-ctrl: dz vs no dz –> RF?

- cohort: RF vs no RF –> dz?

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11
Q

what is: molluscum contagiosum

A

flesh colored, dome shaped, umbilicated skin lesions –> anywhere except palms/soles –> usu trunk

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12
Q

trochlear N: fx

A

eye mvmt

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13
Q

11-hydroxylase def: ssx

A
  • Na retention –> HTN
  • mild hypoK
  • low renin, aldos
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14
Q

fibromuscular dysplasia: imaging

A

renal A –> “string of beads”

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15
Q

pleural effusion: effect on?

  • breath sounds
  • percussion
  • tractile fremitus
A
  • breath sounds: decrease
  • percussion: dull
  • tractile fremitus: decrease
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16
Q

21 hydroxylase def: classic form

A

neonate:
- hypoNa –> hypovol –> life-threatening hypotension
- hyperK
- F: clitoral enlrgmt (genital ambiguity)

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17
Q

pneumothorax: effect on?
- breath sounds
- percussion
- tractile fremitus

A
  • breath sounds: decrease
  • percussion: hyperresonant
  • tractile fremitus: decrease
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18
Q

what is: cohort study

A

compare grp w exposure/risk vs grp w/out –> see if exposure increase likelihood of dz

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19
Q

drug trial: phase I

A

small # of healthy volunteers –> is it safe? –> assess safety, toxicity, pharmacodynamics

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20
Q

cirrhosis –> gynecomastia –> why?

A

cirrhosis –> decrease estrogen metab

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21
Q

vestibulocochlear N: fx

A
  • hearing

- balance

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22
Q

11-hydroxylase def: hormone levels

A

same as 21 hydroxylase def –> but weak mineralocorticoid (DOC) is made

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23
Q

what is: internuclear ophthalmoplegia

A

lesion in MLF –> lack of comm bw CN VI & III –> VI activate ipsilat LR but contralat III not stim MR

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24
Q

what is: hemiballismus

Study These Flashcards
A

sudden, wild flailing of 1 arm & ipsilat leg

25
21 hydroxylase def: hormone levels
- decrease: aldos, cortisol | - increase: androgen
26
accessory N: fx
- turn head | - shrug shoulder
27
what is: relative risk
(risk of dz w exposure)/(risk of dz w no exposure)
28
internal iliac A: fx
main artery of pelvis: - walls & viscera of pelvis - buttock - reprod organs - med cmpt of thigh
29
say "ah" --> tests?
vagus N
30
17-hydroxylase def: ssx
- DOC: Na retention --> HTN, mild hypoK, low renin/aldos | - low androgen: 1ary amenorrhea, no pubic hair (F), pseudohermaphroditism (M)
31
consolidation (ie lobar pneumonia): effect on? - breath sounds - percussion - tractile fremitus
- breath sounds: bronchial breath sounds, late inspiratory crackles - percussion: dull - tractile fremitus: increase
32
hypoglossal N: fx
mv tongue
33
atelectasis (ie bronchial obstruction): effect on? - breath sounds - percussion - tractile fremitus
- breath sounds: decrease - percussion: dull - tractile fremitus: decrease - trachea deviate toward lesion
34
ectopic preg: classic presentation
lower quad abd pain few wks after missed period
35
glossopharyngeal N: fx
- post 1/3 tongue --> taste, somatosensation - swallow - salivation (parotid gland) - monitor carotid body, sinus chemo/baroreceptors - stylopharyngeus --> elevate pharynx, larynx
36
oculomotor N: fx
- eye mvmt - pupil constrict - accomodation - eyelid open
37
molluscum contagiosum: cause
poxvirus
38
drug trial: phase III
lrg # pts --> drug vs standard drug --> as good or better?
39
what % is normal saline for IV infusion?
0.9%
40
21 hydroxylase def: 17-hydroxyprogesterone level
increased
41
location: SA node
jx of SVC & RA
42
trigeminal N: fx
- mastication - face sensation - ant 2/3 tongue --> somatosensation
43
what is: odds ratio
(odds that grp w dz was exposed to RF)/(odds that grp w/out dz was exposed) = (a/c)/(b/d)
44
drug trial: phase II
small # of pts --> does it work? --> assess efficacy, optimal dosing, AE
45
MLF: location
midbrain --> level of inf colliculi --> midline
46
what is: medial longitudinal fasciculus
pair of tracts that allow crosstalk bw CN VI & III nuclei --> coordinate both eyes to mv in same horizontal direction
47
alcohol-related liver dz: histology
- swelling hepatocyte | - Mallory body (damaged cytokeratin interm filament)
48
labia majora --> counterpart in M?
scrotum
49
how do the following change w age? - RV - arterial pO2 - alv-art pO2 difference
- RV: increase - arterial pO2: decrease - alv-art pO2 difference: increase
50
fibromuscular dysplasia --> leads to? who?
middle age F --> severe HTN
51
how long to recover from spinal shock? what happens then?
10 wks --> hyper-reflexia
52
drug trial: phase IV
postmarketing surveillance trial --> can it stay? --> rare, longterm AE
53
bilat INO --> indicates?
mult sclerosis --> demyelinate MLF
54
how stim testosterone production?
ant pit --> LH --> Leydig cell --> testosterone
55
M --> hCG injections --> dev gynecomastia --> why?
hCG --> testicle --> androgens --> peripheral aromatase --> estradiol --> gynecomastia hCG has same a-subunit as TSH, LH, FSH
56
17 hydroxylase def: 17-hydroxyprogesterone level
decreased
57
dev milestones: 0-12mo
- 1mo: lift head, track w eyes, coo, recog parent - 6mo: sit up, raking grasp, babble, stranger anxiety - 9mo: walk w assistance, 3finger grasp, mama/dada(?), wave bye/pattycake - 12mo: walk, 2finger pincer grasp, mama/dada, imitate parent
58
21 hydroxylase def: nonclassic form
present later in life: - M --> precocious puberty - F --> menstrual irreg, hirsutism
59
enterococcus: gen charact
- G+ cocci in pairs, chains - non-hemolytic (gamma-hemolytic) - catalase-

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