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MS3 > Psych 1 > Flashcards

Psych 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Difference between mood and affect

A

Mood = Internal subjective feeling (i.e. how patient feels, typically in quotes)

Affect = Interviewer’s experience of a patient

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2
Q

Label:

Baseline is slightly shifted downwards and range of variation is less than full range

A

Restricted range

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3
Q

Label: Baseline shifted down significantly with almost no variation in affect of expression

A

Flat

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4
Q

Label:

  • When affect of the eyes does not match affect of the mouth
  • Can also be defined as the range between restricted and flat
A

Blunted

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5
Q

Label:

When patient’s subjective mood does not match the interviewer’s observed affect of the patient

A

Mood incongruent

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6
Q

Label:

Baseline shifted upwards but range of variation is less than full range

A

Bright

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7
Q

Label:

Baseline shifted upwards significantly with almost no variation in range

A

Euphoric

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8
Q

Label:

  • Baseline shifted slightly upwards with normal amount of variation
  • Between euphoric and bright
A

Expansive/Elevated

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9
Q

Label:

When a patient is just all over the place with really large variation (crying one second and super happy the next)

A

Labile

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10
Q

Words used to describe normal thought process

A

intact, logical, linear,

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11
Q

Word used to describe thought process: patient has lots of side thoughts, but eventually make their way back to the original though

A

Circumstantial

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12
Q

Word used to describe thought process: mind bounces around from idea to idea; the ideas are related to each other but the patient never gets back to the original thought; continuous side-tracking

A

Tangential

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13
Q

Word used to describe thought process: mind going around in a loop, coming back to the same thing over and over

A

Rumination

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14
Q

Word used to describe thought process: code for psychosis; the thoughts are connected to the thought before but it is hard to see the association and to follow the thought process

A

Loose

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15
Q

Describe name/time frame of PTSD disorder that refers to PTSD before time frame that allows it to be classified as PTSD

A

Acute stress disorder = lasts > 3 days and < 1 month

PTSD = lasts > 1 month

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16
Q

Diagnostic requirements of schizophrenia

A

Diagnosis of schizophrenia – requires at least 2 of the following, with at least one from 1-3:

  • Delusions
  • Hallucinations
  • Disorganized speech
  • Disorganized or catatonic behavior
  • Negative symptoms (affective flattening, avolition, anhedonia, asociality, alogia)
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17
Q

Names of the 3 different disorders on the spectrum of schizophrenia based on time period

A
  • Brief psychotic disorder > 1 day and < 1 month
  • Schizophreniform disorder > 1 month and < 6 months
  • Schizophrenia > 6 months
18
Q

What is schizoaffective disorder

A
  • Mood episodes and active symptoms of schizophrenia occurring at the same time + at least 2 week lifetime history of delusions or hallucinations in the absence of prominent mood symptoms
  • Aka normal schizo sometimes and schizo + mood at other times
19
Q

Describe schizoid vs. schizotypal personality disorder

A
  • Schizoid distant, detached, unemotional, and prefer to be alone
  • Schizotypal magical thinking, eccentric, odd beliefs, interpersonal awkwardness
20
Q

Components of mania

A 
DIG FAST:
♣	D – Distractibility
♣	I – Insomnia / impulsive behavior 
♣	G – Grandiosity
♣	F – Flight of ideas (e.g. racing thoughts)
♣	A – Activity / Agitation
♣	S – Speech pressured
♣	T – Thoughtlessness
21
Q

Differentiate between Bipolar I and Bipolar II

A
  • Bipolar I = 1 manic episode +/- a hypomanic or depressive episode
  • Bipolar II = Hypomanic episode + major depressive episode
22
Q

Diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder

A
  • Must be present for at least 2 weeks
  • Must include at least 5/9 of SIG E CAPS symptoms (MUST include either depressed mood or anhedonia)
    • Depressed mood
    • S – Sleep disturbance (hyper/insomnia)
    • I – Loss of Interest (anhedonia)
    • G – Guilt or feelings of worthlessness
    • E – Energy loss / fatigue
    • C – Concentration problems
    • A – Appetite / weight change
    • P – Psychomotor retardation or agitation
    • S – Suicidal ideations
    l
23
Q

Average IQ score

A

85-115

24
Q

Components of the mental status exam

A 
General
Behavior
Motor
-
Mood
Affect
-
Thought process
Thought content
Associations
-
Speech
Language
-
Cognition
Fund of knowledge
Memory
Orientation
Concentration
-
Insight 
Judgment
25
Q

Describe Behavior vs. Motor in the MSE

A

Behavior:
- Level of cooperation (e.g. cooperative, superficially cooperative)

Motor:

  • Movements (increased/decreased)
  • Agitation (e.g. pacing, tapping, fidgeting) – referring to movement; does not refer to affect
26
Q

Describe Affect in the MSE

A

Interviewer’s experience of a patient

Full range, restricted, blunted, flat, incongruent, bright, elevated, euphoric

27
Q

Describe thought process vs. thought content in the MSE

A

Thought Process:
- Rate, organization, goal orientation

Thought Content:

  • Obsessions, delusions (e.g. paranoia), hallucinations, suicidal/homicidal ideation
  • E.g. Delusions of grandeur, delusions of reference, paranoia, delusional parasitosis,
28
Q

Describe associations in the MSE

A

ow thoughts are linked together (e.g. intact, logical, loose, circumstantial, tangential)

29
Q

Describe Speech vs. Language in the MSE

A

Speech:

  • Rate, rhythm, volume, tone, articulation, spontaneity, interruptible vs. pressured
  • Decreased spontaneity = one word answers
  • Pressured = difficult/impossible to interrupt; nothing to do with the rate of speech
  • Think: formation of sounds; the mechanical part

Language

  • Symbolic understanding and use of words/vocabulary
  • Normal = grossly intact, expected vocabulary for age (for kids)
  • Stilted/Pedantic language = using vocabulary inappropriate to the conversation
30
Q

Describe Insight vs. Judgement in the MSE

A

Insight

  • Understanding of current state (e.g. intact, good, fair, poor, absent)
  • Ability to understand their mental illness

Judgment

  • Ability to make decisions (good, fair, poor, impaired, very impaired)
  • Can have great insight but impaired judgment (e.g. heroin users)
31
Q

Describe Cognition in the MSE

A

♣ Ability to understand things
♣ Normal = intact
♣ Serial 7s = test cognition and attention

32
Q

Describe Fund of Knowledge in the MSE

A

♣ Expected knowledge compared to peer group (e.g. average for age)
♣ Normal = aware of current events; intact
♣ E.g. person could be oriented (knows month) but have poor fund of knowledge (not know the president)

33
Q

Describe Orientation in the MSE

A

Person, place, time, and situation (oriented x4)

34
Q

What is the most common form of psychopathology

A

Anxiety disorders

35
Q

Pharmacotherapy used in anxiety disorders

A

SSRI/SNRI = first line

  • Benzodiazepine
  • Non-addicting anxiolytics (diphenhydramine, hydroxyzine)
  • Buspirone (5HT partial agonist)
  • Beta blockers (control autonomic symptoms: palpitations, tachycardia, sweating, with panic attacks or performance anxiety)
  • TCA and MAOIs if first line SSRI not effective
36
Q

Symptoms of panic attack

A

Dizziness, disconnectedness, depersonalization, palpitations, paresthesias, abd distress, numbness, nausea, intense fear of dying, chills, chest pain, sweating, shaking, SOB

37
Q

DSM-5 criteria of panic disorder

A
  • Recurrent, UNEXPECTED panic attack without an identifiable trigger
  • One or more panic attacks followed by > 1 month of continuous worry or avoidance behaviors
  • Not caused by substance, other mental disorder, or medical condition
38
Q

Treatment of Panic disorder

A

Pharmacotherapy and CBT

  • SSRI = first line
  • TCA if SSRI not effective
  • Benzos PRN
39
Q

DSM criteria of agoraphobia

A

AKA Mom from Shameless

  • Intense fear/anxiety about >2 situations due to concern of difficulty escaping or obtaining help in case of panic or other humiliating symptoms
  • Fear/anxiety is out of proportion to the potential danger posed
  • Symptoms cause significant social or occupational dysfunction
  • Symptoms last > 6 months
40
Q

Treatment of agoraphobia

A

CBT and SSRI (for panic symptoms)

MS3 (88 decks)

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