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MS3 > Psych 2 > Flashcards

Psych 2 Flashcards

1
Q

DSM criteria of specific phobia/social anxiety disorder

A
  • Persistent, excessive fear elicited by a specific situation or object which is out of proportion to actual danger/threat
  • Exposure to situation triggers an immediate fear response
  • Situation of object avoided or tolerated with intense anxiety
  • Sx cause significant social or occupational dysfunction
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2
Q

Tx of specific phobia

A

CBT

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3
Q

Tx of social anxiety disorder

A

CBT = Tx of choice
SSRI = 1st line medication if needed
Benzos PRN, Beta blocker

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4
Q

DSM criteria of selective mutism

A
  • Consistent failure to speak in select social situations despite speech ability in other scenarios
  • Mutism not due to language difficulty or communication disorder
  • Symptoms cause significant impairement
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5
Q

Time frame for selective mutism diagnosis

A

> 1 month

THINK: You SELECT a single (1) choice

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6
Q

Time frame for specific phobia/social anxiety diagnosis

A

> 6 month

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7
Q

Tx of selective mutism

A

CBT, family therapy

SSRI for anxiety

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8
Q

Time frame of separation anxiety in children/adolescents and in adults

A

> 4 weeks in children/adolescent

> 6 weeks in adults

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9
Q

Tx of separation anxiety

A

CBT, family therapy

SSRI as possible adjunct

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10
Q

Somatic sx associated with GAD

A

Fatigue, muscle tension

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11
Q

Time frame for diagnosis of GAD

A

> 6 months

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12
Q

DSM criteria for GAD

A
  • Excessive anxiety/worry about various daily events/activities >6 months
  • Difficulty controlling the worry
  • Associated >3 sx: restlessness, fatigue, impaired concentration, irritability, muscle tension, insomnia
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13
Q

Median age of onset of GAD

A

30 y/o

But sx of worry begin in childhood

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14
Q

Tx of GAD

A

Most effective tx is psychotherapy + pharacotherapy

CBT, SSRI/SNRI, short-term benzo, uncommonly TCA or MAOI

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15
Q

What are obsessions?

A

Recurrent, intrusive, undesired, anxiety-provoking thoughts, images, or urges that the patient attempts to suppress, ignore or neutralize by some other thought or action

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16
Q

What are compulsions?

A

Repetitive behaviors or mental rituals performed in attempt to relieve obsessive anxiety

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17
Q

Average age of onset of OCD

A

20 y/o

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18
Q

Tx of OCD

A

Psychopharmacology and CBT (exposure and response prevention)

SSRI, Clomipramine (TCA), atypical antipsychotics

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19
Q

DSM criteria for body dysmorphic disorder

A
  • Preoccupation with one or more perceived defects of flaws in physical appearance that are not observable by or appear slight to others
  • Repetitive behaviors or mental acts are performed in response to appearance concerns
  • Causes significant distress or impairment in functioning
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20
Q

Tx of body dysmorphic disorder

A

SSRI and/or CBT

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21
Q

Time frame (onset and duration) of PTSD

A

Can occur immediately after trauma or have delayed expression

Symptoms last > 1 month

22
Q

Time frame (onset and duration) of Acute Stress Disorder

A

Trauma occurred < 1 month ago

Symptoms last < 1 month

23
Q

Symptoms of PTSD

A

Recurrent intrusions (nightmares, flashbacks), distress at exposure to cues relating to trauma, avoidance of triggers, dissociative amnesia, negative feelings of self/others/world, self-blame, hypervigilance, exaggerated startle response, irritability/angry outburts, impaired concentration, insomnia

24
Q

Pharmacologic tx of PTSD

A
  • SSRI/SRI
  • Prazosin (a1 antagonist) = nightmares and hypervigilance
  • Atypical antipsychotics
25
Q

Psychotherapy tx of PTSD

A

Specialized CBT, supportive and psychodynamic therapy

26
Q

Diagnostic criteria of adjustment disorder

A
  • Emotional or behavioral sx within 3 months in response to an identifiable stressful life even
  • Sx are not of normal bereavement
  • Sx resolve within 6 months after stressor has terminated
27
Q

Subtypes of adjustment disorder

A

Depressed mood, anxiety, mixed anxiety and depression, disturbance of conduct (such as aggression), or mixed disturbance of conduct and emotions

28
Q

Tx of adjustment disorder

A

Supportive psychotherapy, group therapy, occasional pharmacotherapy

29
Q

What do you call irrational beliefs that one is being persecuted

A

Delusions of persecution/paranoid delusions

30
Q

What do you call belief that cues in the external environment are uniquely related to the individual (i.e. TV characters talking directly to me)

A

Ideas of reference

31
Q

What do you call belief that one’s thoughts can be heard by others

A

Thought broadcasting

32
Q

What do you call belief that others thoughts are being placed in one’s head

A

Though insertion

33
Q

What do you call belief that on has special powers beyond those of a normal person

A

Delusions of grandeur

34
Q

What do you call belief that one is guilty or responsible for something (e.g. I am responsible for all world wars)

A

Delusions of guilt

35
Q

What do you all belief that on is infected with a disease or has a certain illness

A

Somatic delusions

36
Q

Ddx of psychosis

A
  • Psychotic disorder due to medical condition
  • Substance/medication-induced
  • Delirium/dementia
  • Bipolar disorder
  • Major depression with psychotic features
  • Brief psychotic disorder
  • Schizophrenia
  • Schizophreniform disorder
  • Schizoaffective disorder
  • Delusional disorder
37
Q

Describe delusion vs. illusion vs. hallucination

A

Delusion = false belief

Illusion = misinterpretation of an external stimulus

Hallucination = perception in the absence of external stimulus

38
Q

CNS diseases that can cause psychosis

A

Cerebrovascular disease, multiple sclerosis, neoplasm, Alzheimers, Parkinson’s, Huntingtons, tertiary syphilis, epilepsy (temporal lobe), encephalitis, prion disease, AIDS

39
Q

Endocrinopathies that can cause psychosis

A

Addison’s, Cushings, hyper/hypothyroidism, hyper/hypocalcemia, hypopituitarism

40
Q

Time frame of schizophrenia-like disorders

A

Brief psychotic disorder < 1 month

Schizophreniform disorder between 1 and 6 months

Schizophrenia > 6 months

41
Q

DSM for schizophrenia

A

2 or more of the following for at least one month:
- 1. Delusions
- 2. Hallucinations
- 3. Disorganized speech
- 4. Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
- 5. Negative ssx
At least one myst be 1, 2, or 3

Duration > 6 months

42
Q

Positive sx of schizophrenia

A

Hallucinations, delusions, bizarre behavior, disorganized speech

43
Q

Negative sx of schizophrenia

A

Flat or blunted affect, anhedonia, apathy, alogia, and lack of interest in socialization

44
Q

Cognitive sx of schizophrenia

A

Impairments in attention, executive function, and working memory

45
Q

1st phase of schizophrenia

A

Prodromal = decline in functioning that precedes the first psychotic episode

46
Q

2nd phase of schizophrenia

A

Psychotic = perceptual disturbances, delusions, and disordered thought process/content

47
Q

3rd phase of shizophrenia

A

Residual = occurs following an episode of active psychosis. Mild hallucinations or delusions, social withdrawal, and negative sx

48
Q

Age of presentation of schizophrenia

A

Men = mid-20s

Women = late 20s

49
Q

Neurotransmitter associated with schizophrenia

A

Increased dopamine activity

50
Q

Tx of schizophrenia

A

1st generation (typical) antipsychotics = Haloperidol, Chlorpromazine, Fluphenazine

2nd generation (atypical) antipsychotics = Aripiprazole, Clozapine, Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Risperidone)

Behavioral therapy

MS3 (88 decks)

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