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Physio I > Endocrine Control of Metabolism > Flashcards

Endocrine Control of Metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

what is normal plasma osmolarity?

A

288 mOsM

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2
Q

elevated glucose for extended time causes osmotic problems like

A

cell dehydration and hyperosmolarity

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3
Q

depressed glucose for extended time causes

A

demise of certain cells (that needed glucose to survive)

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4
Q

the liver stores how much of the bodies glycogen?

A

1/3

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5
Q

the liver is the primary site of

A

gluconeogensis and FFA synthesis

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6
Q

in the liver insulin stimulates what 2 processes?

A

glycogensis and lipogenesis

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7
Q

in the liver epi, glucagon and cortisol stimulate what process?

A

gluconeogenesis

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8
Q

Fat cells are the primary site of

A

lipid storage

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9
Q

insulin drives formation of what in fat cells?

A

triglycerides

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10
Q

hormone sensitive lipase (HPL0 helps break down what? to form what?

A

breaks down tryglycerides to form free fatty acids

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11
Q

what is hormone sensitive lipase stimulated by? (2 hormones)

A

epinephrien and glucagon

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12
Q

muscle stores about what amount of the body’s glycogen?

A

2/3

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13
Q

the muscle is what % of body mass?

A

50%

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14
Q

glycogenolysis is the break down of what?

A

glycogen

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15
Q

what is glycogenolysis stimulated by?

A

epinephrine

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16
Q

what % is protein expendable?

A

16%

17
Q

how many days supply does our body have of fat?

A

40 days

18
Q

how long of a supply of glycogen do we have?

A

8-14 hours

19
Q

the net effect of the citric acid cycle is to take carbons from _____ and form ___ + ATP and use _____

A

the net effect of the citric acid cycle is to take carbons from sugar and form CO2 + ATP and use O2

20
Q

if there is excess glucose most is shuttled in to

A

glycogen in muscle and liver

21
Q

insulin stimulates 4 things

A

glycogenesis
glycolysis
lipogenesis
protein metabolism

22
Q

if there is a deficient foot state what 3 things occur?

A

lipolysis
glycogenolysis
gluconeogensis

23
Q

epinephrine stimulates what 3 things?

A

glycogenolysis
lipolysis
gluconeogensis

24
Q

epinephrine inhibits what?

A

insulin secretion

25
Q

glucagon stimulates what 3 things?

A

glycogenolysis
lipolysis
gluconeogenesis

26
Q

growth hormone stimulates what? (1 thing(

A

lipolysis

27
Q

growth hormone decrease glucose utilization by increasing

A

Free fatty acids available

28
Q

cortisol stimulates what (2 things)

A

gluconeogenesis and lipolysis

29
Q

cortisol causes insulin

A

resistance

30
Q

cortisol is essential for survival during what state?

A

starvation

31
Q

diabetes is insulin

A

resistance

Physio I (26 decks)

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