15.2 Drugs Cont.: Stimulants and Hallucinogens

Question 1

drugs that excite neural activity and speed up body functions causing a rise in breathing, heartbeat, energy, and confidence (ie: caffeine, nicotine, cocaine)

Answer 1

stimulants

Question 2

stimulants are used to. . . (3 reasons)

Answer 2

1. feel alert
2. lose weight
3. boost mood or athletic performance

Question 3

what can the cut off of stimulants cause? (4 negative effects)

Answer 3

fatigue, headaches, irritability, and depression

Question 4

highly addictive as heroine and cocaine and tolerance is developed

Answer 4

nicotine

Question 5

nicotine hits the 1. _________ in 2.___ seconds which release 3. _____ and 4. ___________ to diminish appetite and increase alertness and mental efficiency

Answer 5

1. CNS
2. 7
3. epinephrine
4. norepinephrine

Question 6

1.________ and 2.________ provide a calming effect and alleviate pain

Answer 6

1. dopamine

2. opioids

Question 7

withdrawals of nicotine include. . . (5)

Answer 7

craving, insomnia, anxiety, irritability, and distractibility

Question 8

rush of euphoria that depletes dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine by blocking the reuptake, in less than an hour leaving user in agitated depression

Answer 8

cocaine

Question 9

monkeys and cocaine

Answer 9

pressed a button 12K for one shot

Question 10

cocaine can lead to . . . (6)

Answer 10

aggression, emotional disturbances, suspiciousness, convulsion, cardiac arrest, and respiratory failure

Question 11

increases dopamine for 8hrs, resulting in a crash of irritability, social isolation, depression, possible seizures, hypertension, and violent outbursts

Answer 11

[meth]amphetamine

Question 12

[meth]amphetamine can reduce what and result in what?

Answer 12

it can reduce the overall dopamine functioning and results in depressed functioning

Question 13

MDMA –> stimulant and mild hallucinogen. triggers dopamine release (like all amphetamines), floods w/ serotonin and blocks reuptake

Answer 13

ecstasy

Question 14

under ecstasy the taker can experience . . . (3 negative effects) for 3-4hrs

Answer 14

high energy, emotional elevation, and connectedness w/ others

Question 15

ecstasy can cause the user to have. . . (3-4)

Answer 15

a dehydrating effect, increased blood pressure; some experience overheating or death w/ dancing

Question 16

overall ecstasy can cause real harm to the body by. . . (6)

Answer 16

harming serotonin producing neurons + result in permanently depressed mood, suppressed immune system, impaired memory, slow thoughts, and disrupted circadian rhythm

Question 17

distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input

Answer 17

hallucinogens

Question 18

stream of uninterrupted fantastic pics, shapes, colors, etc, ranging from euphoria, to detachment, to panic

Answer 18

LSD

Question 19

hallucinations start w/ 1. _______ ______ and 2. _______ then to more 3. ________ images

Answer 19

1. geometric forms
2. spindles
3. meaningful

Question 20

how do people feel like when taking LSDs?

Answer 20

they feel separated from the body in a dreamlike state (like near-death tunnel experience 15% patients brought back from cardiac arrest)

Question 21

found in cannabis; can experience agitation + hallucinations; amplifies colors, sounds, tastes and smells, produces an euphoric high

Answer 21

THC

Question 22

THC impairs . . . (2)

Answer 22

1. motor coordination

2. perceptual skills (reaction time)

Question 23

THC lingers in the _________ which opposes tolerance by users

Answer 23

bloodstream

Question 24

what can THC amplify, disrupt, and shrink in a negative aspect? (3)

Answer 24

1. anxiety and depression
2. disrupts memory formation
3. shrinks brain areas of emotion and memory

Question 25

what are 3 things that THC could help with?

Answer 25

1. relieve pain
2. calm nerves
3. increase appetite