Communism in China: Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

communist China

A
  • 1911 = end of the last (Qing) dynasty
  • 1912 = China became the republic of China
  • republic of China ruled form 1912 until 1949
  • first president of the Republic of China = Sun Yat-sen
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2
Q

1916-1928

A
  • China’s central government becomes fractured

- many warlords ruling different sections of China

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3
Q

1928

A
  • the Nationalist Party gained control of China and reestablish unified central government
  • under the leadership of Chian Kai-sehek - a military officer
  • he led the Nationalist Party until 1949
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4
Q

nationalist party

A
  • promoted modern development
    • railroads, banking, airline services, etc.
  • problem #1: Impacts of these achievements only in the cities, rural areas (where most of the population lived) were still impoverished
  • problem #2: left the Nationalist party with a limited base of support
  • urban elites; rural landlords; western powers
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5
Q

Nationalist party constantly face opposition from the newly developed Chinese Communist Party (CCP)

A
  • founded in 1921
  • grew enormously over the next 28 years
  • found a charismatic leader in Mao Zedong
  • 1927 = Nationalist party chased the CCP out of China’s cities
  • resulted in the Long March (6,000 mile trek south east to north-west china)
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6
Q

CCP

A
  • slowly gained the respect and support of the peasants by:
  • using guerilla warfare tactics against the Nationalist party
  • experimenting with land reform in areas under communist control
  • efforts to empower women
  • creation of a communist military force to protect against Nationalist party attacks
  • gained an enormous amounts of support during Japans brutal invasion of China
  • nationalist party lost control over most of China and was forced to retreat to the interior
  • nationalist party seemed more concerned with eliminating the CCP than fighting Japan
  • CCP, with its communist-led People’s Liberation Army, fought the Japanese vigorously
  • offered security to many Chinese faced with the Japanese atrocities
  • CCP membership grew form 40,000 in 1937 to 1.2 million in 1945
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7
Q

CCP 2

A
  • reduced rents, taxes, and interest rates for peasants
  • taught literacy to adults
  • mobilized women for the struggle
  • encouraged peasants to fight back against their landlords
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8
Q

1949

A
  • 4 years after WWII, the CCP swept to victory over the Nationalist Party
  • most of the Nationalist Party’s leaders fled to Taiwan
  • new leader of communist China - Mao Zedong
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9
Q

the end of the final Chinese dynasty took place in ____________

A
  • 1911
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10
Q

the Chinese Nationalist Party promoted ______

A
  • modern development
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11
Q

in 1927, China’s Nationalist Party _______

A
  • chased the communist party out of the cities
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12
Q

what was wrong with the modern development under the National Party in China

A
  • people in rural areas were still in poverty
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13
Q

the CCP or China Communist Party was founded in _________

A
  • 1921
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