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Question 1

Describe how the temperature changes between every layer in the atmosphere.

Answer 1

The temperature oscillates between hot and cold.

Question 2

Name and Describe the wind pattern that occurs from the equator to latitude lines 30 North and South

Answer 2

The Eastern trade winds are characterized by their pattern to move east to west

Question 3

What is albedo?

Answer 3

The proportion of light reflected by a surface

Question 4

What would absorb more heat, high or low albedo surfaces? Describe.

Answer 4

Low albedo surfaces absorb more heat because they are darker and reflect less sunlight

Question 5

What are the layers of the Earth?

Answer 5

Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, and Thermosphere.

Question 6

What is the March and September Equinox?

Answer 6

It is when N & S hemispheres equally facing sun

Question 7

What is the June and December Solstices?

Answer 7

N or S hemisphere is maximally tilted toward sun (summer/winter)

Question 8

Which way do Divergent plates go?

Answer 8

Outward/Seperate

Question 9

Name the layers of the earth

Answer 9

Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere

Question 10

Explain why there is a high pressure system at 90°

Answer 10

Due to cold temperatures, the dense air at 90° sinks, accumulates, and creates a high pressure zone.

Question 11

Describe the effects that El Nino has on South America.

Answer 11

less productive fishery, increased flooding and precipitation and lower pressure system

Question 12

Describe the effects that El Nino has on Australia and SouthEast Asia.

Answer 12

Drought, wild fires, higher pressure system.

Question 13

What effect do microbes have on soil respiration?

Answer 13

Microbes drive soil respiration by breaking down soil organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide (CO2) through aerobic and anaerobic processes

Question 14

Describe Watershed?

Answer 14

the total land area where all water drains into a common point, such as a river, lake, ocean, or bay

Question 15

What direction does the wind blow between 30° and 60°, and what is the wind pattern called?

Answer 15

They blow from East to West. They are called the Westerlies.

Question 16

What does Infiltrate mean?

Answer 16

Water goes into the ground

Question 17

What is the layer of Earth that has all the tectonic plates called?

Answer 17

The lithosphere

Question 18

What does Anthropogenic refer to?

Answer 18

Environmental change caused or influenced by people

Question 19

What does Peculates mean?

Answer 19

The water moving into the ground

Question 20

What does Transpiration mean?

Answer 20

Evaporation from plants

Question 21

Describe the wind for La nina

Answer 21

East to west but way stronger than neutral

Question 22

What is Surface Runoff?

Answer 22

Water flowing off the land into bodies of surface water

Question 23

What is the freshwater stored in underground spaces called, explain how it got there?

Answer 23

groundwater stored in soil after it sank down.

Question 24

In what cycle is ammonia (NH3) created?

Answer 24

The nitrogen cycle

Question 25

How does bacteria play a role in the nitrogen cycle?

Answer 25

They nitrify and denitrify the atmospheric nitrogen

Question 26

Describe the wind of El nino

Answer 26

Wind is blowing West to East

Question 27

Which way do Convergent plates go?

Answer 27

They go into each other and create mountains and volcanoes

Question 28

Is there any phosphorus in the atmosphere and if not where is it?

Answer 28

No there is none, most phosphorus is found in rocks and sediments

Question 29

Which way to transform plates go

Answer 29

parallel of each other

Question 30

What occurs to water that is not absorbed into the ground?

Answer 30

This water becomes surface runoff

Question 31

What are Provisional Services?

Answer 31

A service extracted from nature Ex: Timber, Fossil Fuels

Question 32

What are Regulating Services?

Answer 32

A service that moderates natural phenomena. Ex: Coral Reefs slowing and weakening storms, Bogs stopping flooding

Question 33

What are Cultural Services?

Answer 33

The non-material benefits that people obtain from ecosystems through recreation, tourism, intellectual development, spiritual enrichment, reflection and creative and aesthetic experiences. Ex: Parks, Spiritual Benefits, Looking Pretty

Question 34

What are Supporting Services?

Answer 34

Services that provide support all other ecosystem services. Ex: Photosynthesis, Biogeochemical Cycles

Question 35

Individual

Answer 35

one organism

Question 36

Population

Answer 36

group of individuals of same species

Question 37

Community

Answer 37

all living organisms in an area

Question 38

Ecosystem

Answer 38

all living & nonliving things in an area (plants, animals, rocks, soil, water, air)

Question 39

Biome

Answer 39

the plants and animals found in a given region (determined by climate)

Question 40

why is a higher genetic diversity better than a low genetic diversity.

Answer 40

When there is a greater genetic diversity more of the population is able to face an environment stressor

Question 41

genetic diversity

Answer 41

mixture of genes within a population

Question 42

what is resilience

Answer 42

the ability of an ecosystem to return its original conditions after a major disturbance.

Question 43

Describe a Specialist

Answer 43

Narrow Niche, Less adaptable

Question 44

Describe a Generalist

Answer 44

Large Niche, Adaptable

Question 45

What is Competition

Answer 45

Organisms fighting over a resource like food or shelter that limits population size

Question 47

what is a bottleneck event and how does it affect the genetic diversity.

Answer 47

its an environmental disturbance that drastically reduces the population size. it lowers the genetic diversity, making those same animals more susceptible to environmental disturbances