Acid/Base Disorders Flashcards
______ is a decrease in H+ (increase in pH).
Alkalemia
The rise in pH from the increase in [HCO3-] is sensed by respiratory system chemoreceptors which leads to ______.
a decrease in ventilation
If the urine [Cl-] is less than 20 mEq/L, metabolic alkalosis is categorized as _______.
chloride responsive (aka saline responsive)
______ causes a primary increase in the HCO3.
Metabolic alkalosis
What is the tx for respiratory alkalosis?
treat the underlying cause
Primary respiratory acidosis is ALWAYS from ______.
inadequate respiration
______ causes a primary decrease in the HCO3.
Metabolic acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis causes ______.
decrease in the PCO2
Compensation is in which direction?
the same as the primary change
Name 2 severe complications of metabolic alkalosis.
- cardiac arrhythmias
- hypocalcemia–> tetany
If the urine [Cl-] is greater than 20 mEq/L, metabolic alkalosis is categorized as _____ aka _____.
chloride resistant (aka saline resistant)
______ is ALWAYS due to the inability of the kidney to excrete excess HCO3-.
Metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic acidosis is a decrease in _____ resulting in ______.
HCO3…. decrease in pH
_______ causes a primary increase in the PCO2.
Respiratory acidosis
What is a normal anion gap value?
9 +/- 3
Metabolic alkalosis is ALWAYS due to ______.
the inability of the kidney to excrete excess HCO3-
Normal serum sodium is _____ mEq/L.
140
Respiratory acidosis is a respiratory process that causes ______.
a primary increase in the PCO2
Primary respiratory alkalosis is ALWAYS from _____.
breathing too much
Respiratory alkalosis is a decrease in _____ resulting in ______.
CO2….an increase in pH
If the serum anion gap is increased, the metabolic acidosis is due to ______.
the addition of acid
_______ is an increase in H+ (decrease in pH).
Acidemia
Alkalosis is _____.
a process that decreases plasma H+ (increases pH)