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Exam Revision > Child Health > Flashcards

Child Health Flashcards

1
Q

normal HR for child < 1

A

120-160

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2
Q

features of respiratory distress of the newborn

A

tachypnoea, grunting, intercostal recession, nasal flare, cyanosis

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3
Q

what causes persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN)

A

high pulmonary vascular pressure causing left-right shunting + poor oxygenation

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4
Q

tx of PPHN

A

nitric oxide – vasodilator

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5
Q

ground glass appearance CXR

A

acute respiratory distress

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6
Q

tx of acute respiratory distress syndrome

A

steroids
exogenous surfactant
ventilation

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7
Q

what organism is responsible for conjunctivitis in newborns

A

chlamydia

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8
Q

what does jaundice within 24hrs indicate

A

PATHOLOGY

  • rhesus / ABO incompatibility
  • glucose 6 phosphate deficiency
  • hereditary spherocytosis
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9
Q

most common cause of jaundice day 2-14

A

physiological

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10
Q

presentation of oesophageal atresia

A

excessive oral secretions

aspiration + regurgitation when fed

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11
Q

what is injured in Erbs palsy

A

C5, C6

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12
Q

waiters tip position

A

Erbs palsy

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13
Q

wrist + hand muscle weakness following brith

A

C8/T1 injury

Klumpe’s palsy

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14
Q

what is injured in klumpe’s palsy

A

C8 T1

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15
Q

boggy swelling over skull that resolves spontaneously

A

caput succedaneum

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16
Q

organisms that cause meningitis in neonates

A

Group B strep
listeria
E.coli

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17
Q

seizure associated with fever

A

febrile convulsions

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18
Q

symptoms of hydrocephalus

A 
irritable
poor feeding
headache
vomiting 
seizures
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19
Q

signs of hydrocephalus

A

enlarging head size
bulging fontanella
papilloedema

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20
Q

tx hydrocephalus

A

ventriculoperitoneal

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21
Q

inheritance of tuberous sclerosis

A

autosomal dominant

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22
Q

symptoms of tuberous sclerosis

A

development delay
seizures
learning + behavioural difficulties
“railroad track calcification” on skull XR

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23
Q

inheritance of muscular dystrophy

A

X Linked recessive

24
Q

most common cause of bronchiolitis

A

RSV

25
Q

presentation of bronchiolitis

A

course crepitations
wheeze
tachypnoea
hypoxia

26
Q

barking cough

A

croup

27
Q

presentation of croup

A

stridor, tachypnoea, ‘barking cough’

28
Q

tx croup

A

dexathmethasone orally

nebulised budenoside

29
Q

fever, stridor, drooling, minimal cough

A

epiglottitis

30
Q

what causes whooping cough

A

bordetella pertussis

31
Q

what respiratory condition is linked with meconium ileus

A

cystic fibrosis

32
Q

persistent crying/discomfort in healthy thriving infant particularly at night/after feeds

A

colic

33
Q

projectile milky vomits after every feed

A

pyloric stenosis

34
Q

presentation of allergic colitis

A

diarrhoea with blood + mucus

failure to thrive

35
Q

delayed passage of meconium, dilated bowel loops + absence of rectal air on XR

A

Hirshsprungs disease

36
Q

redcurrant jelly stools

A

intussusception

37
Q

bile stained vomiting

A

malrotation

38
Q

prolonged jaundice, pale stools, dark urine, splenomegaly

A

biliary atresia

39
Q

purpuric rash on thighs/buttocks, abdominal pain, transient large joint arthritis

A

henoch shonlein purpura

40
Q

what is henoch shonlein purpura

A

IgA vasculitis

41
Q

features of an innocent murmur

A

systolic

does not radiate

42
Q

45 X0

A

Turners syndrome
females
-co articulation of the aorta
- infertility

43
Q

47 XXY

A

Kleinfelters

44
Q

what is a congenital diaphragmatic hernia

A

defect in diaphragm that allows herniation of abdominal contents into chest

45
Q

high maternal serum alpha fetoprotein (MS-AFP)

A

gastrochisis

46
Q

investigation + treatment of malrotation

A

upper GI contrast + surgery

47
Q

ix of meconium ileus

A

contrast enema

48
Q

murmur in cortication of the aorta

A

systolic murmur at left sternal edge

49
Q

radio femoral delay

A

cortication of the aorta

50
Q

potter syndrome

A

pulmonary hypoplasia due to oligohydramnios + compression while in the uterus

51
Q

exomphalos

A

herniation of abdominal contents into umbilical cord

52
Q

cause of erythema infectiosum ‘slapped cheek’ disease

A

parvovirus B19

53
Q

acute renal failure, anaemia, thrombocytopenia associated with diarrhoea, fever + lethargy

A

haemolytic uraemic syndrome

54
Q

examples of live attenuated vaccines

A

MMR

Rotavirus

55
Q

examples of inactivated vaccines

A

Polio
Rabies
Hep A

56
Q

examples of toxoid vaccines

A

diphtheria

tetanus

57
Q

examples of recombinant vaccines

A

Haemophilus influenza B
Pneumococcal
Hep B
Pertussis

Exam Revision (32 decks)

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