Wk 4- Acids, Bases And Ph

Question 1

Water biological systems:

2/? body weight
Most biological reactions take place in water
Water is vital to life
Special properties due to b? structure

Answer 1

2/3

Bonding

Question 2

Waters special properties:

Water molecules= ? 
Each molecule has ? and ? regions 
H2O 
H= partial ? charge 
0= partial ? charge 
? and ? ends are attracted to each other

Answer 2

Polar 
Positive negative 
Positive 
Negative 
Positive and negative

Question 3

Properties of water:

Increased solubility = ? molecules 
Water = s? for ionic /polar substances 
Creates solution ~
Water = solvent 
Substance = s? 
Dissociation of ions = dissolved molecules

Answer 3

Dissolved
Solvent
Solute

Question 4

Properties of water:

Reactivity - chemical reactions occur in water / ? bonds
Increase heat capacity = small increase in temperature
Lubrication = important component in m? Synovial ? and articulations

Answer 4

Chemical

Mucus , synovial fluid

Question 5

Molarity = atomic ? of atoms

Measurement of substance concentration in solvent (water)
Moles/litre = ?/l or M
Milli mole= ?/l or mM
Total measurement of number molecules in a solution
Mass grams = atoms mass

Answer 5

Mass
Mol/l
Mmol/l

Question 6

Molarity calculations:
Use the atomic mass to calculate molarity

Glucose = C6 H12 O6
C= 12 (12x6=72)
H= 1 (1x12=12) 
O=16(16x6 =96) 
= 180 
1m solution glucose = ?g/l 
1mm =18 mg/l

Answer 6

180

Question 7

Acids = hy? +
? on ph scale 
Dissociate into ? ion and anions (-)
Proton d? 
hydrochloric acid dissociates into ~ Hy? and ?

Answer 7

Hydrogen 
Low 
Hydrogen 
Donor 
Hydrogen , chloride

Question 8

Bases: hy? (-)

? on the ph scale
Dissociate into hy? ions (OH-) + cations (+)
Hydroxide ions bind Hydrogen ions produce ? molecules
Sodium hydroxide dissociates into N?+ and OH?

Answer 8

Hydroxide 
High 
Hydroxide 
Water 
Na+ 
OH-

Question 9

Salts:
Salts dissociate into ions
They do not contain hy?+ or hy? -
Salts contain electrolytes

Answer 9

Hydrogen

Hydroxide

Question 10

The ph scale : based on the concentration of h? ions in a solution

0 - 7 - 14
?           ? 
0 scale = hy? ions +
14 scale = hy? ions - 
There is a ? fold increase between each number on the scale in either hydrogen/ hydroxide ions depending which end. 
Ph 4,5,6 ~ ph4= 100x more ? than ph6

Answer 10

Hydrogen 
Acids 
Bases 
\+ Hydrogen 
- Hydroxide 
10 
Acidic

Question 11

Buffers:

Regulate a? / b? balance 
Adjust the ? of solution 
Either add or removes Hydrogen ions 
Buffers in body fluid maintain ? = h? 
Blood ph = 7.35-7.??
Acidosis= ph v 7.??
Alkalosis=ph ^ 7.?5

Answer 11

Acid/base 
Ph
Ph, homeostasis 
7.45
7.35
7.45

Question 12

Buffering systems:

A major buffering system in the body is the Carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer.
If there is an increase in acidity bicarbonate ions are used to remove ?+
If there is a reduction in acidity carbonic acid can add ?+
Used to control the ?/? Regulation in the body

Answer 12

Hydrogen+
Hydrogen+
Acid/base